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Effects of diabetes and aging on posture and acceleration thresholds during lateral translations.

机译：糖尿病和衰老对侧移时姿势和加速度阈值的影响。

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摘要

Research objectives. One source of falls in the elderly may be an inability to sufficiently adjust to transient postural perturbations or slips. Identifying useful predictors of fall potential, as well as factors that affect the ability of an individual to detect a movement of the standing support surface may provide insight into postural stability and methods to increase stability in elders. To do this, acceleration thresholds to short, precise, lateral platform translations and the resultant psychophysical responses of adults with early Type 2 diabetes to age-matched controls and young adults were measured.; Methods. Using an innovative SLIP-FALLS platform, short (1, 2, 4, 8,and 16mm) lateral perturbations were presented to 21 individuals—9 young adults, 6 neurologically intact elder adults, and 6 elders with diabetes using a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) protocol. All subjects underwent lower-limb nerve conduction velocity determination, air conduction velocity testing, Semmes-Weinstein monofilament thresholds, the Mini Mental Status Exam, and reaction time tests to touch, tone and high acceleration, 4mm super-threshold perturbations.; Results. All three groups had significantly different thresholds at all small (4mm) movement lengths, with the diabetic neuropathy group having a markedly higher acceleration threshold (P 0.001); the healthy elderly, which, in turn, had markedly higher thresholds than young adults. Patients with neuropathy had significantly higher reaction times to platform movements and touches to the plantar sole, but not for auditory tones. Both elderly groups had a significantly higher reaction time to superthreshold platform movement than did young adults. Sensory tests revealed slower nerve conduction velocities, higher air conduction velocities, and lower cognitive ability in the diabetic group.; Conclusions. A marked decrease in perception of very small moves due to aging and diabetic neuropathy could well have a detrimental effect on postural control mechanisms. The higher prevalence of falls in the elderly and elderly diabetics may be due to decreased perceptual ability, slower nerve conduction velocities, and slowing reaction times compounded by larger amounts of imparted energy needed for detection of a slipping event.
机译：研究目标。老年人跌倒的一种来源可能是无法充分适应短暂的姿势干扰或滑倒。确定有用的跌倒潜力预测指标，以及影响个人检测站立支撑表面运动能力的因素，可以帮助您了解姿势稳定性以及增加老年人稳定性的方法。为此，测量了短，精确，横向平台平移的加速度阈值以及由此产生的早期2型糖尿病成年人对年龄匹配的对照组和年轻人的心理生理反应。 方法。使用创新的SLIP-FALLS平台，向21个人展示了短（1、2、4、8和16mm）的侧向扰动-9名年轻成年人，6名神经功能完整的成年人和6名患有糖尿病的老年人（采用两种方法）选择（2AFC）协议。所有受试者均接受下肢神经传导速度测定，空气传导速度测试，Semmes-Weinstein单丝阈值，迷你心理状态考试以及对触摸，语气和高加速度的反应时间测试，以及4mm超阈值摄动。 结果。三组在所有较小的运动长度（<4mm）上都有明显不同的阈值，而糖尿病性神经病组的加速阈值则明显更高（P <0.001）。健康的老年人的门槛明显高于年轻人。有神经病的患者对平台运动和脚底触感的反应时间明显更长，但听觉音调则没有。两组老年人对超阈平台运动的反应时间均显着高于年轻人。感觉测试显示糖尿病组神经传导速度较慢，空气传导速度较高，认知能力较低。 结论。由于衰老和糖尿病性神经病引起的对非常小的动作的感知的显着降低很可能会对姿势控制机制产生不利影响。老年人和老年糖尿病患者跌倒的发生率较高，可能是由于知觉能力下降，神经传导速度变慢，反应时间变慢，以及检测到滑倒事件所需的大量能量所致。

著录项

  • 作者

    Richerson, Samantha Jean.;

  • 作者单位

    Louisiana Tech University.;

  • 授予单位 Louisiana Tech University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Biomedical.; Biophysics Medical.; Health Sciences Rehabilitation and Therapy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2003
  • 页码 257 p.
  • 总页数 257
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物医学工程;生物物理学;康复医学;
  • 关键词

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