Giving gifts: Women and exchange in Old English literature.

机译：赠送礼物：妇女与古老英语文学中的交流。

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Women are mentioned only rarely in scholarly investigations of gift-exchange in Old English literature, primarily because women are often presumed to be possessions themselves. This assumption is strongly influenced by the conventions of heroic narrative, which is said to emphasize reciprocal relationships between the lord (the ring-giver) and the thane (the receiving warrior). While the heroic context necessarily excludes female participation, Christianity offers women an alternative order wherein women do have greater access to modes of material exchange. The female characters I examine act outside of the conventions traditional criticism has assigned them, conventions in which men, as active warriors, give and women, as passive peaceweavers, are given. It would be misleading, however, to suggest that these fictive characters are reacting against a "secular" role for women; rather, I argue that Christianity presents an alternative---and equally problematic, given the nature of what is exchanged-node for female experience.;My argument illuminates two critical points. First, women do enter into the gift exchange process in certain genres for many of the same reasons men do-status, prestige, and obligation. My three primary texts--- Judith, Elene and Juliana---explicitly portray women actively involved in a process of exchange. My second point is that goods are crucial to any transformative moment. A transformative moment---a moment of fundamental change in one's state of being---is predicated by a process of exchange. For the three primary female figures in this project, we see three distinct ways of giving. Judith acquires and passes on Holofernus' head; Elene acquires and passes on the True Cross (and is instrumental in the conversion of Judas); and Juliana, in a real sense, acquires her own body and passes it on to God. For all three figures, the process of exchange is the catalyst for a radical transformation of identity.

机译：在古英语文学中关于礼物交换的学术研究中很少提及女性，这主要是因为通常认为女性本身就是财产。这个假设在很大程度上受到英勇叙事惯例的影响，据说这种惯例强调了领主（送礼者）和公爵（接收武士）之间的相互关系。尽管英勇背景必然排除了女性的参与，但基督教为妇女提供了另一种选择，即妇女确实有更多的物质交流方式。我所考察的女性角色的行为超出了传统批评所赋予的惯例，在这些惯例中，赋予了男性作为积极的勇士，奉献和女性作为被动的和平织女。但是，如果暗示这些虚构人物正在对女性的“世俗”角色做出反应，那将是一种误导。相反，我认为基督教提出了另一种选择-考虑到女性经验的交换节点的本质，基督教同样存在问题。我的论点阐明了两个关键点。首先，出于某些相同的原因，女性确实会以某些类型进入礼物交换过程，而男性则具有地位，声望和义务。我的三本主要教科书-朱迪思（Judith），艾琳（Elene）和朱莉安娜（Juliana）-刻画了积极参与交流过程的女性。我的第二点是，商品对于任何变革时刻都是至关重要的。变革时刻-人的生存状态发生根本变化的时刻-由交流过程决定。对于该项目中的三个主要女性人物，我们看到了三种不同的捐赠方式。朱迪思（Judith）接过霍洛弗努斯（Holoferus）的头，艾琳（Erene）获得并通过了真正的十字架（并且在犹大的转变中起了作用）朱莉安娜（Juliana）真正地获得了自己的身体并将其传递给上帝。对于所有这三个数字，交换过程是身份的根本转变的催化剂。

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Mullally, Erin Eileen.;
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University of Oregon.;

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授予单位 University of Oregon.;
学科 Literature English.;Womens Studies.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2002
页码 272 p.
总页数 272
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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机译：点评：历史的研究：一个书目指南，历史的英语理念从柯勒律治到科林伍德，英国当地历史，亚瑟和他的英语变脸：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，在英国文艺复兴时期颁布性别舞台上，莎士比亚的女性结局，写英文共和国：诗歌，修辞学和政治学1627年至1660年，对旧的新故事：在小说中，天主教和反天主教在早期现代英语文本，长子继承权和继承权在英国圣经模式：综述文学中的历史和代表，通过对小说恢复的英语内战：一个注释的参考书目，戴安娜，自我利益和英国国家身份，古人与现代人之间的古典罗马的痕迹和古典罗马：巴洛克文化在恢复英格兰，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：1780-1830，厌恶经济学的作家和饮料：十八世纪的文学业务ritain，伪造的房子在十八世纪的英国，穿着我们的衣服，牛津伴侣的浪漫时代：英国文化，1776 - 1832，国内空间：阅读十九世纪的内部，维多利亚人理论上：从德里达到布朗，美德的年龄：英国文化从恢复到浪漫主义，悲惨的痛苦：维多利亚州的残疾和感情，妇女作家第一次世界大战：一个注释的书目，文学中的酒吧，英国工业小说，人类的缘故想要：市场苏格里希第德森市场的经济和美学。 C.，历史的研究：一个书目指南，第二版，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，第十四+ 140，£40.00.ParkerChristopher，历史的英语从理念到柯勒律治科林伍德，Ashgate出版社，2000，页。 VII + 244，£45.Richardsonr。 C.（ed。），英语当地历史的变化面孔，ashgate，2000，pp。viii + 218，£45.00.00.00.Parronw。 RJ（编辑），亚瑟和他的英文：亚瑟王传说中中世纪英国生活和文学，威尔士出版社，1999年大学，第398，£35.00.ComensoliViviana和RussellAnne（EDS），英国文艺复兴舞台上颁布性别，伊利诺伊大学出版社，1999，第270页，18.95英镑; SaunderseVe Rachel，在早期现代英格兰舞台上的雷切尔，性别和识字，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。260，£35.BerringPhilippa，莎士比亚的女性化的遗址，Routledge，1999，PP。197，£15.99 PB。 Bellilona，伊丽莎白裔女性和甲师诗歌，剑桥大学出版社，1998，PP。262，£35.00.norbrookdavid，写英国共和国：诗歌，修辞和政治1627-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XIII + 509 ，£40.FischHarold，对于旧的新故事：在小说，Macmillan出版社，1998年，第圣经模式X + 236，£42.50; Fischharold，Shakespeare，Milton和Blake的圣经存在，1999年，PP。Xi + 330，£45.marottiarthur F.（Ed。），天主教和早期现代英语文本，Macmillan，1999，PP的天主教和反天主教。XVII + 266，£47.50; Shellalison，天主教，争议和英国文学想象，1558-1660，剑桥大学出版社，1999，PP。XI + 309，£37.50.Jamoussizouheir，Punigoghts和Envland在英国：他们在文学中的历史和代表调查，中心出版大学，突尼斯，1999，PP。293,8 DT.Murphorn Xane C.，英语内战通过虚构的恢复：一个注释书目，格林伍德出版社，韦斯特波特，CT，CT。，2000，PP。VIII + 349，£63.95 .HammondPaul，德莱顿和古典罗马，克拉伦登出版社，牛津，1999年的痕迹，第305，£45.00.LevineJoseph M.，古人和现代人之间：巴洛克文化恢复英格兰，耶鲁大学出版社，1999，页。 XIV + 279，£27.50.50.50.5.50.Tayloranya，浪漫英格兰的Bacchus：作家和饮料，1780-1830，Macmillan，1999，PP。Xi + 264，£47.50.Mandelllaura，罕有内容：十八世纪英国的文学业务，肯塔基州大学，1999，PP。X + 228，$ 42.00.Bainespaul，在十八世纪的英国伪造之家，阿什捷，1999年，PP。第八次+ 195，£47.50.50.50.50.Munnsjessica和Richardspenny（EDS），穿着我们，纽瓦克，特拉华大学出版社，1999，PP。362，£ 37.McCalmanIain（编辑），牛津伴侣对浪漫的年龄：英国文化，1776年至1832年，牛津大学出版社，1999，页。 XII + 780，£85.Brydeninga和Floydjanet（EDS），国内空间：阅读十九世纪内部，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999，PP。XII + 219，£40.00; KiddAlan和NichollsDavid（EDS），性别，公民文化和消费：在英国，1800年至1940年中产阶层的身份，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，第十四+ 223，£46.00，PB。 14.99英镑的理论上，从Derrida到Browning，曼彻斯特大学出版社，1999年，PP。X + 180，£40.Moreedavid，富于浪漫主义，2000，2000，PP。八+ 330，£45.Klesmary，悲惨的痛苦：宾夕法尼亚大学的维多利亚州美国的残疾和感情，1999年，第211次，第一次第一次世界大战的妇女作家：一名注册参考书目，rutledge，2000，pp。230，75英镑; TyleeClaire与Turnerelaine和Cardinalagnes（EDS），战争扮演妇女：国际选集，Routledge，2000，PP。225，£16.99 PB.Taylorjohn A.，戴安娜，自身利益和英国国家身份，Praeger，2000，PP 。169，£44.95.EARNShawsteven，文学中的酒吧，曼彻斯特大学出版社，2000，PP。X + 294，£45和15.99英镑PB.Klaush。古斯塔夫和骑士。（EDS），英国工业小说，威尔士大学出版社，2000，PP。VIII + 212，£14.99 PB。 Balchjack S.，伊利诺伊大学高中中午的灯，2000年，PP。XL + 404，$ 19.45 PB。康罗伊士队，伊利诺伊大学的世界胜利，2000年，PP。XXXV + 348，17.95磅PB.Gagnierregenia，人类想要的缘故：市场学会的经济学和美学，芝加哥大学出版社，2000，PP。352，£ 10.50 PB。

Giving gifts: Women and exchange in Old English literature.

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