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The effect of individual differences on Web-based interface design: A children's information processing and dual coding approach.

机译：个体差异对基于Web的界面设计的影响：一种儿童的信息处理和双重编码方法。

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摘要

The Internet is not just for adults. Children between the ages of 8 and 12 are the largest growing Internet population according to New York-based Juniper Communications, an Internet research firm. It was predicted that the children's online population would increase by 150 percent from 1998 to 2002. In addition, children also directly purchase or influence the purchase of over 150 billion dollars worth of goods and services in the United States. Many companies realize the potential of the children's market and have spent millions of dollars logging thousands of man-hours, hiring child psychologists, and hiring children as consultants to help make their Web sites more child friendly. To date there are no constructive guidelines for designing Web sites that complement children's learning abilities as they mature.; This study investigates the effect of individual difference on the design of Web-based user interfaces that reduce users' disorientation during Web navigation while promoting the learning of Web content. Individual differences are examined based on the age differences in children's ability to use various navigational aids and cues in searching for information. Based on information processing and dual coding theories, this study specifically investigates the recall of information of a given task while using different types of navigational aids such as a map or a content list, and learning cues to overcome production deficiencies in younger children. A production deficiency refers to younger children's inability to spontaneously use information storage and retrieval strategies, such as verbal labeling, rehearsal, and the use of retrieval cues to guide memory search.; Using a combination of user interfaces, Web pages visited were tracked to assess users' navigational performance in terms of search performance. Search performance was measured in terms of accuracy of search and efficiency of search. This study employed a 2 x 2 x 2 between-subject factorial design with two age groups, two types of navigation aids, and the presence or absence of learning cues. Four experimental Web sites were constructed to conduct experiments among children between the ages of 7 and 13.; Results showed that age differences in children have a significant effect on their learning performance, as well as navigational search accuracy and efficiency. Older children were able to learn better, as well as search more accurately and efficiently. The types of navigational aid used did not affect learning performance and search efficiency, but affected search accuracy. Navigational maps were found to increase the accuracy of information search. The presence or absence of learning cues has significant relationship to learning performance and search accuracy, but not search efficiency. While the presence of learning cues improved learning performance, surprisingly, the absence of learning cues improved the accuracy of search. There was an interaction effect between age and types of navigational aids on search performance. Younger children tended to search more accurately when using the map. There was also an interaction between age and learning cues on learning performance. Younger children tended to learn better when learning cues were provided.; This study provides an explanation of age differences in children as a guideline for Web site design to better accommodate children's ability to learn and navigate as they mature. Organizations can incorporate the results of this study in their Web design to improve children's learning and responses to their Web sites.
机译：互联网不仅仅针对成年人。根据总部位于纽约的互联网研究公司Juniper Communications的调查，年龄在8至12岁之间的儿童是增长最快的互联网群体。据预测，从1​​998年到2002年，儿童的网络人口将增加150％。此外，儿童还直接在美国购买或影响了价值1500亿美元的商品和服务的购买。许多公司意识到儿童市场的潜力，并花费了数百万美元来记录数千个工时，雇用儿童心理学家，并雇用儿童担任顾问，以帮助其网站使儿童更加友好。迄今为止，还没有建设性的指导方针来设计网站，以补充儿童的成熟学习能力。这项研究调查了个体差异对基于Web的用户界面设计的影响，该界面减少了Web导航期间用户的迷失方向，同时促进了Web内容的学习。根据年龄差异，检查儿童使用各种导航辅助工具和提示搜索信息的能力方面的年龄差异。基于信息处理和双重编码理论，本研究专门调查给定任务的信息召回，同时使用不同类型的导航设备（例如地图或内容列表）以及学习提示来克服年幼儿童的生产缺陷。 生产缺陷是指年幼儿童无法自发地使用信息存储和检索策略，例如语言标签，演练以及使用检索线索来指导记忆搜索。使用组合的用户界面，可以对访问的网页进行跟踪，以根据搜索性能评估用户的导航性能。根据搜索的准确性和搜索的效率来衡量搜索性能。这项研究采用了2 x 2 x 2的受试者间析因设计，其中包括两个年龄段，两种类型的导航设备以及是否存在学习提示。建立了四个实验网站，对7至13岁的儿童进行实验。结果表明，儿童的年龄差异对他们的学习成绩以及导航搜索的准确性和效率都有重要影响。大一点的孩子能够学习得更好，并且能够更准确，更有效地进行搜索。所用导航工具的类型不会影响学习性能和搜索效率，但会影响搜索准确性。发现导航图可以提高信息搜索的准确性。学习线索的存在与否与学习性能和搜索准确性有显着关系，但与搜索效率无关。虽然学习提示的存在改善了学习性能，但令人惊讶的是，缺少学习提示却提高了搜索的准确性。年龄和助航设备类型之间对搜索性能产生了交互作用。年幼的儿童在使用地图时倾向于更准确地搜索。年龄和学习成绩的学习线索之间也存在相互作用。当提供学习线索时，年幼的孩子往往会学得更好。这项研究解释了儿童的年龄差异，以此作为网站设计的指南，以更好地适应儿童随着年龄的增长而学习和导航的能力。组织可以将这项研究的结果纳入其Web设计中，以改善儿童的学习和对Web站点的反应。

著录项

  • 作者

    Alonzo, Mei C.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Mississippi.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Mississippi.;
  • 学科 Business Administration Management.; Business Administration Marketing.; Computer Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 147 p.
  • 总页数 147
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 贸易经济;贸易经济;自动化技术、计算机技术;
  • 关键词

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