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首页> 外文学位 >Potential role of human gut microflora and exogenous probiotic bacteria in the metabolism of dietary precursors with potential health benefits.
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Potential role of human gut microflora and exogenous probiotic bacteria in the metabolism of dietary precursors with potential health benefits.

机译：人肠道菌群和外源益生菌在饮食前体代谢中的潜在作用，具有潜在的健康益处。

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A balanced gut microflora has been proposed to provide protection against disease. Variation in the gut microflora has been implicated in the etiology of different diseases including cancer. The precise bacterial types responsible for this susceptibility remain unknown but it appears that their metabolism may play a role in either contributing to predisposition of disease or providing a protective effect against the development of disease. The pathologic potential of different by-products of bacteria] breakdown has been previously reported. The production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) from bacterial breakdown as well as their prebiotic role in the encouragement of probiotics has been documented. We investigated the role of nine oligosaccharides and fibers in these events. Our results indicated that hydrolyzed guar gum significantly (P = 0.0001) promoted the highest production of SCFA and the highest (P = 0.0261) growth of probiotics.; The breakdown of soy isoflavones has been implicated in the production of equol, which epidemiological studies have correlated with lowered breast cancer risk. It has been shown that this apparent protection might be due in part to a different plasma hormonal profile in equol producers that is correlated to lowered breast cancer risk. However, the production of equol varies among individuals. We evaluated the bacterial composition, substrate metabolism and enzymatic activities of fecal samples from eighteen postmenopausal women on different isoflavone diets grouped by their equol excretion capability. Results showed significantly lower (P = 0.0082) activity of the bacterial enzyme beta-D-glucuronidase in equol producers and significantly (P = 0.0221) higher levels of Clostridium in equol non-producers. Bifidobacteria populations were found to be higher in equol producers. These observations appear to be of potential relevance in the metabolism and recycling of hormones and in the excretion of equol.; In summary, we reported for the first time the increase in SCFA and probiotic growth enhancement by the oligosaccharide hydrolyzed guar gum. Also, our studies suggested that the fecal microbial composition and enzymatic activities of equol producers could play a role in health benefits. Both of these results exemplify the importance of the gut microflora and dietary precursors on human health.
机译：已经提出了平衡的肠道菌群以提供对疾病的保护。肠道菌群的变化与包括癌症在内的不同疾病的病因有关。造成这种敏感性的确切细菌类型仍是未知的，但似乎它们的代谢可能在促进疾病的易感性或对疾病的发展提供保护作用中起作用。先前已经报道了细菌分解的不同副产物的病理学潜力。细菌分解产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）及其益生元在促进益生菌方面的作用已有文献记载。我们调查了九种低聚糖和纤维在这些事件中的作用。我们的结果表明，水解瓜尔豆胶可显着（P = 0.0001）促进最高的SCFA产量和最高（P = 0.0261）的益生菌生长。大豆异黄酮的分解与雌马酚的产生有关，流行病学研究已将其降低了患乳腺癌的风险。已经显示出这种明显的保护作用可能部分是由于雌马酚生产者血浆激素水平的不同，这与降低乳腺癌的风险有关。但是，雌马酚的产生因人而异。我们评估了十八名绝经后妇女在不同异黄酮饮食下的粪便样品的细菌组成，底物代谢和酶活性，并根据雌马酚的排泄能力对其进行了分组。结果显示，雌马酚生产者中细菌酶β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶的活性明显较低（P = 0.0082），雌马酚非生产者中梭状芽孢杆菌的水平显着（P = 0.0221）。发现雌马酚生产者中双歧杆菌种群较高。这些观察结果似乎与激素的代谢和循环以及雌马酚的排泄具有潜在的相关性。总而言之，我们首次报道了寡糖水解瓜尔豆胶可提高SCFA含量和益生菌的生长。此外，我们的研究表明雌马酚生产者的粪便微生物组成和酶活性可能对健康有益。这两个结果都例证了肠道菌群和饮食前体对人类健康的重要性。

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