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Parameter estimation in stochastic volatility models and hidden Markov chains.

机译:随机波动率模型和隐马尔可夫链中的参数估计。

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摘要

Since the seminal work of Black & Scholes (1973) and Merton (1973) on option pricing, there has been growing interest in modeling the volatility of asset returns. The original assumption of constant volatility has been shown to be inadequate in many empirical studies. One way to model changing volatility is through the stochastic volatility (SV) model developed by Taylor (1986) and Hull & White (1987) in which the volatility follows its own random process.;The SV model can be placed in the more general framework of hidden Markov models (HMM). Parameter estimation is difficult for this class of models because of the intractability of the likelihood function. The main objective of this work is to develop an efficient estimator with a substantial reduction in computational complexity over direct maximum likelihood. It is based on two ideas to simplify the problem. The first idea is to start with a consistent and asymptotically normal estimator, so that only one Newton correction step is required for efficiency. The second idea is to replace the true likelihood with a pseudo-likelihood which is easier to calculate. The pseudo-likelihood we use assumes that the observations can be grouped into blocks with each block independent of all others. If this blocking is done properly, then it does not affect the asymptotic efficiency of the estimator. We also explore different Monte Carlo simulation techniques to carry out the Newton step. We first apply this algorithm to simulated data to compare its performance with some alternate methods, and then apply the procedure to financial data.
机译:自从Black&Scholes(1973)和Merton(1973)在期权定价方面的开创性工作以来,人们对建模资产收益率波动性的兴趣日益浓厚。在许多实证研究中,恒定波动率的原始假设已被证明是不充分的。建模变化率波动的一种方法是通过Taylor(1986)和Hull&White(1987)开发的随机波动率(SV)模型,其中波动率遵循其自身的随机过程; SV模型可以放在更通用的框架中隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)。由于似然函数的难处理性,对于此类模型很难进行参数估计。这项工作的主要目的是开发一种有效的估计器,在直接最大似然上大大降低计算复杂度。它基于两个想法来简化问题。第一个想法是从一个一致且渐近的正态估计量开始,以便仅需一个牛顿校正步骤即可提高效率。第二个想法是用更容易计算的伪似然代替真实似然。我们使用的伪似然性假设可以将观察结果分为多个块,每个块独立于所有其他块。如果正确完成此分块,则不会影响估计器的渐近效率。我们还探索了不同的蒙特卡洛模拟技术来执行牛顿步骤。我们首先将此算法应用于模拟数据,以将其性能与某些替代方法进行比较,然后将该程序应用于财务数据。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tung, Julia.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Statistics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 83 p.
  • 总页数 83
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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