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Female role models: Fictional and actual heroines of the late Chinese Empire with reference to Meng Lijun and Qiu Jin.

机译：女性榜样：汉末帝国的虚构和现实的女英雄，以孟立军和邱瑾为参考。

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摘要

The woman writer Chen Duansheng (1751--1796) and the woman martyr of the Xinhai revolution and poet Qiu Jin (1875--1907) shared a radical vision: a woman leaves her home and successfully implements her abilities unhindered by societal restrictions on female behaviour.;This study seeks to point out the gradual changes in perception of upper class Chinese women during the second half of the Qing dynasty, with special reference to Qiu Jin and Meng Lijun, the paradigmatic protagonist of Chen Duansheng's only novel, the Zai sheng yuan.;A society using role models to promote certain values is sometimes confronted with the emergence of role models that call those same values into question. To what extent were Qiu Jin and Chen Duansheng able to convey their nonconformist views of women's role in society?;The role models of 'exceptional women' were originally used as an educational device to mould Chinese women according to Confucian values and to indicate their place in the prevailing hierarchy. But the rapid expansion of printing in the 18th and 19th centuries together with growing literacy among women, permitted the creation and distribution of new, subversive female role models contrary to classical ideals.;For the first time, a forum for the articulation of a new gender perception emerged. Contrary to widespread opinion, not only learned men contributed to this change, but also female authors, who sometimes even asserted subversive ideas in the guise of traditional forms of literature for women.;It can be seen that existing role models in society can be utilised both to preserve and cultivate traditions and to destroy them.;In addition, role models are useful indicators of changes in societal attitudes and values. The classical Chinese heroines who went to war or acted for their husbands or fathers in powerful positions, sometimes assuming male disguise, would later resume their traditional places in society. Conversely, modern heroines now irretrievably abandon traditional female roles in order to access power or political influence.
机译：女作家陈端生（1751--1796）和辛亥革命的女烈士和诗人邱瑾（1875--1907）有一个激进的愿景：一个女人离开家，成功地实现了不受女性社会限制的能力这项研究旨在指出清朝下半年中国上层社会女性观念的逐渐变化，并特别提到了陈端生唯一小说《再生》的主角邱瑾和孟立军。一个使用榜样来促进某些价值的社会有时会遇到榜样的出现，这些榜样使那些相同的价值观受到质疑。邱瑾和陈端生在多大程度上能够表达对女性在社会中角色的不服从的看法？“例外女性”的榜样最初被用作教育工具，以根据儒家价值观塑造中国女性并表明其地位在当前的层次结构中。但是在18、19世纪，印刷业的迅速发展，加上女性识字率的提高，使得人们能够创造和散布与古典理想背道而驰的颠覆性女性角色榜样;这是第一次，一个提出新观念的论坛性别观念出现了。与普遍看法相反，不仅是学识渊博的男人为这一变化做出了贡献，而且还有女性作家，这些作家有时甚至以传统文学形式为女性辩护颠覆性思想;可以看出，可以利用社会中现有的榜样既可以保存和培养传统，也可以摧毁传统。；此外，榜样是社会态度和价值观变化的有用指标。曾参战或为丈夫或父亲出任强势职务的中国古典女英雄，有时假扮成男性，后来将恢复其传统社会地位。相反，为了获得权力或政治影响力，现代女英雄如今已不可挽回地放弃了传统的女性角色。

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  • 作者

    Hieronymus, Sabine.;

  • 作者单位

    Christian-Albrechts Universitaet zu Kiel (Germany).;

  • 授予单位 Christian-Albrechts Universitaet zu Kiel (Germany).;
  • 学科 Womens studies.;Asian literature.;Asian history.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 254 p.
  • 总页数 254
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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