• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >A hierarchical decision procedure for the conceptual design of pollution prevention alternatives for chemical processes.
【24h】

A hierarchical decision procedure for the conceptual design of pollution prevention alternatives for chemical processes.

机译：用于化学过程污染预防替代方案概念设计的分层决策程序。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The need for a procedure to design chemical plants for pollution prevention results from a recent emphasis on pollution prevention at the source. The conceptual design procedure of Douglas (1985) has been extended to consider process alternatives for pollution prevention. Waste penalties become another criteria in the economic evaluation of flowsheet alternatives. New heuristics are presented that lead to process alternatives that reduce or eliminate waste streams.;Twenty processes comprising a total of 79 individual plants have been studied, and their waste loads have been summarized. This analysis shows that the majority of the waste from chemical processes can be classified as either waste from the reaction chemistry or waste from the separation system. Because much of this waste is waste water, water reuse should be considered to reduce the total waste load. The aqueous waste load from these twenty processes could be reduced by an average of 63% if all fresh water streams could be replaced with recycled water.;By identifying the decisions having the greatest impact on waste loads in a chemical processes, alternative decisions for pollution prevention can be made, leading to alternative flowsheet designs. This is shown through a discussion of the styrene process, in which flowsheet alternatives using steam as a heat carrier are compared to those using either methane or toluene. Several feasible flowsheets are for each case, each having roughly the same economic potential. Heat integration should be considered to identify to best few candidates for a more rigorous design.;The StreamCosts screening method targets wasteloads resulting from the reaction chemistry, by screening reaction pathway alternatives based on the costs of the feed and exit streams, including the waste penalties. Those pathways with large amounts of waste byproducts can be eliminated early in the design procedure.;Finally, the PIPII computer package has been extended for pollution prevention. The production of Bis (2-Hydroxyethyl) Terephthalate serves as a case study to demonstrate the use of the code. The total waste penalty of 58.5 MM
机译：对化学工厂设计以防止污染的程序的需要是由于最近从源头上开始强调防止污染。道格拉斯（Douglas，1985）的概念设计程序已扩展到考虑用于防止污染的工艺替代方法。浪费罚金成为流程替代方案经济评估中的另一个标准。提出了新的启发式方法，从而导致了减少或消除废物流的替代方法。；已经研究了由79个工厂组成的20个过程，并总结了它们的废物负荷。该分析表明，化学过程产生的大部分废物可分为反应化学产生的废物或分离系统产生的废物。由于这些废物中的大部分是废水，因此应考虑将水回用以减少总废物量。如果所有淡水流都可以用循环水代替，则这20个过程中的含水废物负荷平均可减少63％。通过确定对化学过程中废物负荷影响最大的决策，可以选择污染的其他决策可以预防，从而导致可选的流程图设计。通过对苯乙烯工艺的讨论可以看出这一点，在该工艺中，将使用蒸汽作为热载体的流程图与使用甲烷或甲苯的流程图进行了比较。每种情况都有几种可行的流程图，每种流程图具有大致相同的经济潜力。应考虑进行热整合，以选出最好的候选人，以进行更严格的设计。; StreamCosts筛选方法可根据进料和出口料流的成本（包括废物罚款）筛选反应路径替代方案，以针对反应化学产生的废物负荷为目标。可以在设计过程的早期就消除那些带有大量废物副产品的途径。最后，为防止污染，PIPII计算机软件包得到了扩展。对苯二甲酸双（2-羟乙基）酯的生产用作案例研究，以证明该代码的使用。总浪费惩罚为58.5 MM

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号