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'What simple description...can never grasp': Heidegger and the Plato of myth.

机译：“简单的描述……永远无法把握”：海德格尔与神话中的柏拉图。

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摘要

It is commonly taken to be the case that Heidegger is a bad reader of Plato. Calling his reading of Plato impatient, violent and coercive, critics argue that Heidegger's caricature of Plato is driven by his life-long desire to deconstruct the tradition of western philosophy from Plato onward. I argue that this assessment of Heidegger's unsympathetic Plato is itself a caricature. In an effort to mitigate this critique of Heidegger's reading of Plato, I argue that Heidegger engages with two different Platos---one with whom he shares deep sympathies even as he is harshly critical of the other. I call the Plato who frequently evokes Heidegger's ire the 'logocentric' Plato; this is the Plato who, in spite of his promising efforts, could never overcome logos or move beyond dialectic, and therefore sets the stage for the tradition's overreliance on logos as syllogistic logic and propositional truth. But in his better moments as a reader of Plato, Heidegger shines a light on a very different Plato. I will call this Plato the 'muthocentric' Plato because this is the Plato who makes his points with myths, images, allegories and stories. This Plato erodes the preeminence of logos to make space for alternative discourse and becomes Heidegger's ally in his effort to re-describe hermeneutic phenomenology as a descriptive method that allows beings to show themselves not merely by means of the theoretical discourse of logos, but also by means of nontheoretical, alternative discourse including myth and poetry.;In advancing this claim, I focus on Heidegger's lectures on Plato which appear from the 1920's to the early 1940's, including his lectures on Plato's Sophist, the cave allegory of the Republic, and the Theaetetus. In each of these lecture courses, I show that the traditional reading of Heidegger's Plato has obscured his sympathy to the Plato of myth and allegory. These close readings lay the groundwork to view Heidegger's later move towards non-theoretical discourse as a continuation of his early attention to muthos discourse in Plato, rather than as an abrupt transition.
机译：通常认为海德格尔是柏拉图的坏读者。评论家称他对柏拉图的阅读缺乏耐心，暴力和强迫，认为海德格尔对柏拉图的讽刺意味在于他毕生渴望从柏拉图开始解构西方哲学传统。我认为对海德格尔的无情柏拉图的这种评价本身就是一个讽刺漫画。为了减轻对海德格尔对柏拉图的阅读的批评，我认为海德格尔与两种不同的柏拉图交往-尽管他对另一种提出了严厉的批评，但他与他有着深切的同情。我把经常引起海德格尔怒火的柏拉图称为“以徽标为中心”的柏拉图。这就是柏拉图，尽管他做出了令人鼓舞的努力，但他始终无法克服徽标或超越辩证法，因此为传统过度依赖徽标作为三段论逻辑和命题真理奠定了基础。但是，在作为柏拉图读者的美好时光中，海德格尔向另一个截然不同的柏拉图发出了光芒。我将这个柏拉图称为“多中心”柏拉图，因为柏拉图用神话，图像，寓言和故事来表达自己的观点。这种柏拉图侵蚀了徽标的优越性，为替代性话语腾出空间，并成为海德格尔的同盟，努力重新诠释诠释学现象学，作为一种描述性方法，使人们不仅可以通过徽标的理论话语来展示自己，而且可以通过在提出这一主张时，我将重点放在海德格尔关于柏拉图的演讲上，这些演讲从1920年代到1940年代初期出现，包括他关于柏拉图的苏菲派的演讲，共和国的洞穴寓言以及剧院。在每门讲座中，我都表明海德格尔的柏拉图的传统读法掩盖了他对柏拉图关于神话和寓言的同情。这些近距离的阅读为海德格尔后来转向非理论性话语奠定了基础，这是他对柏拉图早期对混合话语的关注的延续，而不是他的突然过渡。

著录项

  • 作者

    Halteman Zwart, Megan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Notre Dame.;

  • 授予单位 University of Notre Dame.;
  • 学科 Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 251 p.
  • 总页数 251
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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