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Studies on the determination of organ pattern and organ identity in flower development.

机译：确定花卉发育中器官模式和器官特性的研究。

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摘要

Flowers of a previously undescribed recessive mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), green pistillate (gpi), show strong and consistent homeotic transformation of petals to sepals and stamens to carpels. Wild type and mutant do not differ in the pattern of stamen initiation, as shown by allometric analysis of scanning electron micrographs, and by kinematic analysis of cell behavior in individual stamen primordia using a nondestructive replica method for electron microscopy. Allometry shows that sepaloid petals and carpelloid stamens of the mutant elongate at relative rates normal for organs of the occupied whorls. Thus floral organ placement, and some aspects of organ growth such as elongation rate, seem independent of mechanisms controlling organ identity.;Double mutants were constructed bearing both green pistillate and lateral suppressor (ls), which confers absence of petals. Deviations from a simply additive ls-gpi phenotype included an increase in the number of second whorl organs (sepaloid petals typical of gpi), and sepaloid or stamenoid features on roughly 25% of third whorl organs. The gpi phenotype in F2 hybrids of L. esculentum and Lycopersicon pennellii a wild relative of tomato, showed no difference in the second whorl but a wide range in the third whorl. The frequency of the most common phenotypic class, with nearly wild type stamen morphology, indicates that three dominant modifier genes from L. pennellii are responsible for the phenotypic range.;To test the importance of cellulose deposition in the patterning of floral organ primordia, early floral meristems of Anagallis arvensis were locally treated with the cellulose synthesis inhibitor 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB). Two major classes of defect occurred in flowers showing no signs of cell death or wounding: local stunting or ablation of organs in the area of treatment (41%), and overall changes in the symmetry number of the flower from the normal five-fold to four- and three-fold (5%). Flowers with shifted symmetry initiated sepals at an abnormally small meristem diameter, but diameter did not correlate perfectly with organ number. Kinematic analysis showed normal stamen and precarpel growth behavior in the shifted flowers, including cells originally in contact with DCB.
机译：番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）先前未描述的隐性突变体的花，绿色的雌蕊（gpi），显示出花瓣向萼片和雄蕊向心皮的强烈而一致的顺势转化。野生型和突变体在雄蕊起始模式上没有区别，如通过扫描电子显微镜照片的异位分析以及通过使用电子显微镜的非破坏性复制方法对单个雄蕊原基中细胞行为的运动学分析所显示的。异速生长法表明，突变体的萼片花瓣和类胡萝卜素雄蕊以相对于被占据的轮生器官正常的相对速率伸长。因此，花器官的放置以及器官生长的某些方面，例如伸长率，似乎与控制器官身份的机制无关。；构建了带有绿色雌蕊和侧抑制子（ls）的双重突变体，赋予它们无花瓣。与单纯的ls-gpi表型的差异包括第二轮器官（典型的gpi的类花瓣）的数量增加，以及大约25％的第三轮器官的类萼片或类雄蕊特征。番茄的野生近缘种（L. esculentum）和狼尾草（Lycopersicon pennellii）的F2杂种的gpi表型在第二轮没有差异，而在第三轮则差异很大。最常见的表型类别的频率，具有近乎野生型的雄蕊形态，表明来自L. pennellii的三个显性修饰基因负责该表型范围；为了测试纤维素沉积在花器官原基的构图中的重要性， Anagallis arvensis的花分生组织用纤维素合成抑制剂2,6-二氯苄腈（DCB）进行了局部处理。花中出现了两大类缺陷，它们没有细胞死亡或受伤的迹象：在治疗区域内器官局部发育不良或消融（41％），花的对称性整体变化从正常的五倍变为正常。四倍和三倍（5％）。具有对称对称性的花以异常小的分生组织直径起始萼片，但直径与器官数目并不完全相关。运动学分析显示，在转移的花朵中，包括最初与DCB接触的细胞，雄蕊和前果皮的生长行为正常。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rasmussen, Nicolas.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Botany.;Cellular biology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1992
  • 页码 157 p.
  • 总页数 157
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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