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Evaluation of probiotic activity of Lactobacillus casei strains.

机译：干酪乳杆菌菌株的益生菌活性评估。

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摘要

Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Lactobacillus casei is a probiotic species of particular interest due to it being commonly consumed worldwide as a probiotic. Significant genetic variation exists between L. casei strains, with 32-45% of the genome-content being variable. Therefore, strain-to-strain differences in their probiotic efficacy are likely. This dissertation describes the use of L. casei strains to modulate the gut microbiota and immune function; additionally L. casei strains were functionally and genomically examined to unravel their probiotic mechanisms of action. First study demonstrated that L. casei 32G administration modified the cecum-microbiota in a dose and time dependent manner. An increase in prevalence of Lactobacillus in the gut microbiota was observed after 32G-administration. The lactobacilli increased were determined to be commensal lactobacilli. In the second study different L. casei strains were compared. While some L. casei strains didn't modify the cecum-microbiota, others reconfigured the microbial composition in a strain-specific manner. Moreover, the results suggest there is a correlation between a strain's ability to alter the gut microbiota composition with the strain's ability to alter the expression of PRRs and AMPs. The last study employed a combination of bioinformatics, in vitro and in vivo studies to explore the mechanisms of L. casei probiotic action. L. casei strains were determined to contain a diversity of cell-surface structures. In vitro studies revealed that both cell-surface components and supernatant participate in immunomodulation. In vivo results suggest that supernatant from 32G is likely involved in altering the gut microbiota, while cell-surface components are involved in modulating the immune system.;In conclusion, L. casei alters the composition of gut microbiota and modulates the innate immune system in a strain-specific manner. These alterations were determined to be dose and time dependent. There is extensive genetic diversity in cell-surface components within L. casei strains and this diversity contributes to the strain-specific variation in immunomodulation and host-bacteria interactions observed within species. Additionally, it is clear that supernatant are also involved in probiotic function. This thesis begins the process of identifying potential mechanisms of L. casei probiotic activity.
机译：益生菌是活的微生物，当以足够的量施用时，会给宿主带来健康益处。干酪乳杆菌是一种特别受关注的益生菌，因为它在全世界普遍作为益生菌消费。在干酪乳杆菌菌株之间存在显着的遗传变异，其中32-45％的基因组含量是可变的。因此，它们的益生菌功效之间可能存在差异。本文介绍了干酪乳杆菌菌株在调节肠道菌群和免疫功能中的应用。另外，对干酪乳杆菌菌株进行了功能和基因组检查，以阐明其益生菌的作用机理。首次研究表明，干酪乳杆菌32G给药可以剂量和时间依赖的方式修饰盲肠菌群。服用32G后观察到肠道菌群中乳酸菌的发生率增加。增加的乳杆菌被确定为普通乳杆菌。在第二项研究中，比较了不同的干酪乳杆菌菌株。尽管有些干酪乳杆菌菌株没有改变盲肠微生物群，但其他菌株以菌株特异性方式重新配置了微生物组成。此外，结果表明，菌株改变肠道菌群组成的能力与菌株改变PRR和AMPs表达的能力之间存在相关性。最后一项研究结合了生物信息学，体外和体内研究，以探索干酪乳杆菌益生菌作用的机制。确定干酪乳杆菌菌株含有多种细胞表面结构。体外研究表明，细胞表面成分和上清液均参与免疫调节。体内结果表明32G的上清液可能参与改变肠道菌群，而细胞表面成分参与调节免疫系统。总之，干酪乳杆菌改变肠道菌群的组成并调节先天免疫系统。应变特定的方式。确定这些变化是剂量和时间依赖性的。干酪乳杆菌菌株的细胞表面成分具有广泛的遗传多样性，这种多样性有助于物种内观察到的免疫调节和宿主细菌相互作用中的菌株特异性变异。另外，很明显，上清液也参与益生菌功能。本论文着手确定干酪乳杆菌益生菌活性的潜在机制。

著录项

  • 作者

    Aktas, Busra.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Food science.;Microbiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 195 p.
  • 总页数 195
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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