• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy: Patterns, predictors, and association with miscarriage.
【24h】

Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy: Patterns, predictors, and association with miscarriage.

机译：怀孕初期的阴道出血：模式，预测因素以及与流产的关系。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

First-trimester vaginal bleeding is common in pregnancy; however, few data have described the distribution, characteristics, and predictors of early bleeding episodes. The relationship between bleeding and miscarriage is not well understood.;Data from Right From the Start (RFTS), a prospective, community-based pregnancy cohort were used for all analyses. We used descriptive statistics to characterize first-trimester bleeding episodes and logistic regression to identify predictors of bleeding. Bleeding characteristics (such as heaviness, duration, timing, and color) predictive of miscarriage were identified using classification and regression trees. The relationship between bleeding and miscarriage was modeled using discrete-time hazard models. We compared retrospectively collected bleeding reports from the first trimester interview with prospective data from a daily diary to obtain sensitivity, specificity, and kappa statistics. Log-linear models were used to identify predictors of agreement. In all analyses, we removed bleeding episodes that ended within four days of miscarriage.;Approximately one-fourth of participants reported bleeding in early pregnancy, mostly spotting or light bleeding episodes. Most episodes lasted fewer than 3 days, and most occurred between gestational weeks 5 and 8. Heavy episodes, reported by about 2% of women, were more likely to be painful, of longer duration, and red in color. Predictors of bleeding were age (particularly between 28 and 34), increasing education, nulliparity, and menstrual cycle length less than 27 days or greater than 33 days. Maternal conditions (diabetes, fibroids), prior pregnancy outcomes (miscarriage, induced abortion), reproductive tract infections, smoking, and alcohol intake were also predictive of bleeding. Women who reported heavy bleeding had nearly three times the risk of miscarriage compared to women without bleeding (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9, 4.6). Spotting and light bleeding episodes were not related to miscarriage. Bleeding episodes and characteristics were reported with high levels of agreement in the diary and interview. No predictors of agreement were identified in this analysis.;To summarize, we found that vaginal bleeding was a common first-trimester symptom. However, the majority of episodes were spotting or light bleeding episodes, which did not confer an increased risk for miscarriage. Although few women reported heavy bleeding, heavy bleeding was more strongly related to pregnancy loss.
机译：孕早期阴道流血在孕妇中很常见。然而，很少有数据描述早期出血发作的分布，特征和预测因素。出血和流产之间的关系尚未得到很好的理解。；从正确的一开始（RFTS）数据来看，所有分析均采用了基于社区的前瞻性妊娠队列。我们使用描述性统计数据来描述早孕期出血发作的特征，并使用逻辑回归分析来确定出血的预测因素。使用分类树和回归树确定了预测流产的出血特征（例如体重，持续时间，时间和颜色）。出血和流产之间的关系使用离散时间危害模型进行建模。我们将早期妊娠采访中回顾性收集的出血报告与每日日记中的前瞻性数据进行了比较，以获取敏感性，特异性和κ统计数据。对数线性模型用于识别一致性的预测因子。在所有分析中，我们删除了在流产后四天内结束的出血事件。大约四分之一的参与者在怀孕初期报告了出血，主要是斑点出血或轻度出血事件。大多数发作持续时间少于3天，并且大多数发生在妊娠第5周和第8周之间。大约2％的女性报告说，重度发作更容易带来痛苦，持续时间更长并且呈红色。出血的预测因素是年龄（尤其是28到34岁之间），受教育程度的增加，无产妇和月经周期少于27天或大于33天。产妇状况（糖尿病，肌瘤），先前的妊娠结局（流产，人工流产），生殖道感染，吸烟和饮酒也可预测出血。与没有出血的妇女相比，报告大量出血的妇女发生流产的风险几乎是其三倍（OR 3.0，95％CI 1.9，4.6）。斑点和轻微出血事件与流产无关。在日记和访谈中，出血事件和特征得到高度一致的报道。在此分析中，没有发现一致性的预测因素。总而言之，我们发现阴道流血是常见的孕早期症状。但是，大多数发作是斑点或轻度出血发作，这不会增加流产的风险。尽管很少有妇女报告有大出血，但大出血与流产的关系更大。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hasan, Reem.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Obstetrics and Gynecology.;Health Sciences Epidemiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 195 p.
  • 总页数 195
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号