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Neurodevelopmental Basis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on Age and Gender.

机译：基于年龄和性别的自闭症谱系障碍的神经发育基础。

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摘要

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, socialization, and restricted/repetitive behaviors. In 2012, one out of every 55 children (1 in 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls) have been diagnosed with ASD in the United States. Only 30--40% of ASD has a known etiology (e.g., genetic predisposition) and the other 60--70% is unknown. Prior to this study, there was no known literature on age and gender differences related to neuro-developmental functioning of ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine how the differences in age and gender of people with ASD were related to total and domain scores, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2). This quantitative research study included a sample size of 80 and 2 independent variables: age groupings (ages 1--4, 5--8, 9--17, and 18-older), and gender (male and female). The 4 dependent variables were the total and domain scores measured by the ADOS-2. The statistical analyses included a multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine age and gender differences in the ADOS-2 domain and total scores. There was a statistically signi?cant difference for age on the domain dependent variables, F(9, 171) = 2.64, p = .007; Wilks' Lambda = .73; partial eta 2 = .10. However, there were no statistically significant differences for gender on domain scores and there were no statistically significant differences for age and gender on the overall scores. Those with ASD between ages 5--8 were more severely impaired for socialization when compared to other age groups and other domains. This research can be used for the improvement of intervention strategies for the diverse ASD population, and to improve the understanding of the neurodevelopmental functioning of individuals with ASD based on age and gender.
机译：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，会影响交流，社交和受限/重复行为。 2012年，在美国，每55名儿童中就有1名（42名男孩中有1名，189名女孩中有1名）被诊断出患有ASD。只有30--40％的ASD病因已知（例如遗传易感性），其他60-70％的病因未知。在此研究之前，尚无与ASD神经发育功能相关的年龄和性别差异的已知文献。这项研究的目的是研究自闭症诊断观察时间表第二版（ADOS-2）测量的ASD患者的年龄和性别差异与总分和领域得分之间的关​​系。这项定量研究包括80个样本变量和2个独立变量：年龄组（1--4、5--8、9--17和18岁以上）和性别（男性和女性）。 4个因变量是ADOS-2测得的总分和领域分数。统计分析包括方差的多重分析（MANOVA）和方差的2向分析（ANOVA），以检查ADOS-2域中的年龄和性别差异以及总分。在域相关变量上，年龄存在统计学差异，F（9，171）= 2.64，p = .007;威尔克斯的Lambda = 0.73；部分eta 2 = 0.10。但是，在域得分方面，性别没有统计学上的显着差异，在总体得分上，年龄和性别也没有统计学上的显着差异。与其他年龄组和其他领域相比，ASD在5--8岁之间的人社交能力受损更为严重。这项研究可用于改善针对不同ASD人群的干预策略，并增进对基于年龄和性别的ASD个体神经发育功能的了解。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chetram, Sursatie D.;

  • 作者单位

    Walden University.;

  • 授予单位 Walden University.;
  • 学科 Clinical psychology.;Gender studies.;Developmental psychology.;Psychology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 166 p.
  • 总页数 166
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 建筑科学;
  • 关键词

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