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首页> 外文学位 >Agricultural innovation for climate change mitigation and adaptation: A comparison of New Zealand and California farmers and policies.
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Agricultural innovation for climate change mitigation and adaptation: A comparison of New Zealand and California farmers and policies.

机译：缓解和适应气候变化的农业创新：新西兰和加利福尼亚农民和政策的比较。

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摘要

In response to agriculture's vulnerability and contribution to climate change, many governments are developing initiatives that promote the adoption of mitigation and adaptation practices among farmers. Since most climate policies affecting agriculture rely on voluntary efforts by individual farmers, success requires a sound understanding of the factors that motivate farmers to change practices. Recent evidence suggests that past experience with the effects of climate change and the psychological distance associated with people's concern for global and local impacts can influence environmental behavior. This work examines how farmer's perceptions and psychological distance of climate change, environmental policy perceptions, and perceived impacts influence the adoption of adaptation and mitigation behaviors and support for climate change policies across California and New Zealand. A total of 11 interviews and 162 surveys were conducted in Yolo County, California and 37 interviews and 490 surveys were conducted in Marlborough and Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. I used multiple mediation models and structural equation models to understand the relationship of a variety of factors that influence climate change behaviors and policy support. Overall, I found that farmer's experiences with specific climate change events (water in California, water in Hawke's Bay, and water and temperature impacts and future concerns) were the most salient in affecting their adoption of adaptation practices. Conversely, climate change beliefs were the most direct in affecting the adoption of mitigating behaviors. I developed a limiting factors theory based on this evidence to suggest that a farmer's future adoption of adaptation behaviors will be strongly affected by the most limiting factor within their systems (in these cases, water or temperature). Furthermore, I demonstrated the effect of environmental policy perceptions and the drivers of climate change policy support across both regions. In California, in part because environmental policies were perceived to be psychologically "close" to farmers, I found that farmer's past experiences with existing environmental policies had a larger influence on their climate change beliefs, risk perceptions and climate change policy support than their experiences with biophysical climate change impacts. Similarly, in New Zealand, I found that climate change policy support was heavily affected by climate change belief, and risk perceptions, but also strongly influenced by farmer's perceptions of the costs of climate change policies and the perceived capacity that the farmer possessed about their ability to reduce their own emissions. Overall, this work suggests that farmer's perceptions of climate change events, beliefs and risk perceptions are crucial precursors to predicting the adoption of adaptation and mitigation behaviors. However, environmental policy perceptions, cost perceptions and perceived capacity are also important for predicting support for climate change policies. Additional future work can apply these theories and approaches in other regions of agricultural production to understand if there are universal predictors for climate change behaviors.
机译：为了应对农业的脆弱性和对气候变化的贡献，许多政府正在制定倡议，以促进农民采取缓解和适应做法。由于大多数影响农业的气候政策都依赖个体农民的自愿努力，因此成功需要对促使农民改变习惯的因素有深刻的了解。最近的证据表明，过去有关气候变化影响的经验以及人们对全球和本地影响的关注与心理距离会影响环境行为。这项工作研究了农民对气候变化的看法和心理距离，环境政策的看法以及感知到的影响如何影响适应和减缓行为的采用以及对加利福尼亚和新西兰的气候变化政策的支持。在加利福尼亚州约洛县共进行了11次采访和162次调查，在新西兰的马尔伯勒和霍克湾进行了37次采访和490次调查。我使用了多种中介模型和结构方程模型，以了解影响气候变化行为和政策支持的各种因素之间的关系。总体而言，我发现农民在应对特定气候变化事件（加利福尼亚州的水，霍克斯湾的水以及水和温度的影响以及未来的担忧）方面的经验对影响他们采用适应性实践最为重要。相反，气候变化信念是影响采用缓解行为的最直接方法。我根据此证据建立了一个限制因素理论，以表明农民未来对适应行为的采用将受到其系统中最大限制因素（在这种情况下为水或温度）的强烈影响。此外，我展示了环境政策观念的影响以及两个地区气候变化政策支持的推动力。在加利福尼亚州，部分原因是人们认为环境政策在心理上与农民“亲密”，我发现农民过去对现有环境政策的经验对他们的气候变化信念，风险感知和气候变化政策支持的影响要大于对他们的经验。生物物理气候变化的影响。同样，在新西兰，我发现气候变化政策的支持在很大程度上受到气候变化信念和风险感知的影响，但也受到农民对气候变化政策成本的看法以及农民对其能力的感知能力的强烈影响减少自己的排放。总体而言，这项工作表明，农民对气候变化事件，信念和风险的看法是预测采用适应和减缓行为的关键先兆。但是，环境政策认识，成本认识和感知能力对于预测对气候变化政策的支持也很重要。未来的其他工作可以将这些理论和方法应用于其他农业生产地区，以了解是否存在关于气候变化行为的通用预测指标。

著录项

  • 作者

    Niles, Meredith Theresa.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Environmental studies.;Climate change.;Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 149 p.
  • 总页数 149
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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