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Turbulent circular culvert flow: Implications to fish passage design.

机译：湍流圆形涵洞：对鱼道设计的影响。

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摘要

Culverts are popular conveyance structures in America and Canada to be used as a fish passage or in sewage collection and disposal systems. Fish passage design criteria is based on biological capabilities of fish whereas it should satisfy hydraulic and hydrological constraints as well. Failing to provide enough low velocity regions for aquatic organisms may result in their mass extinctions. Currently, proper road crossing design depends on either model studies or numerical simulations via Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) packages, both of which are expensive and time consuming. Further, although the design procedures released by FHWA recently ensures safe fish migration from downstream toward upstream, it results in an unnecessarily large cross-sections increasing the overall project cost. In addition, the extensively used Manning model is not capable of providing local velocities or modeling the maximum velocity position (dip phenomenon).;This study describes an attempt to solve Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations (RANS) for a steady state and uniform circular open channel flow at mild slopes, resulting in an analytical solution for a partially-filled pipe velocity distribution. Moreover, an empirical model based on the modified log-wake (MLW) law from previous knowledge of rectangular open channel flow was developed to further shed light on the topic. Both models were verified with experimental data collected with Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (S-PIV) through the work of the writer in the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center of the Federal Highway Administration and various other benchmark data from the literature. These models can be used as a novel and powerful design tool resulting in an optimum cross-section along with an enough low velocity region to facilitate safe fish passage.
机译：涵洞在美国和加拿大是流行的运输结构，可用作鱼道或污水收集和处理系统。鱼类通过设计标准是基于鱼类的生物能力，但也应满足水力和水文约束。未能为水生生物提供足够的低速区域可能会导致其灭绝。当前，正确的道路交叉口设计取决于通过计算流体动力学（CFD）软件包进行的模型研究或数值模拟，这两者都是昂贵且耗时的。此外，尽管FHWA最近发布的设计程序可确保鱼类从下游向上游的安全迁移，但会导致不必要的大横截面，从而增加了总体项目成本。此外，广泛使用的曼宁模型不能够提供局部速度或对最大速度位置（倾角现象）建模。；本研究描述了尝试求解稳态且均匀的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程（RANS）的尝试。圆形明渠在平缓坡度处的流动，从而为部分填充的管道速度分布提供了一种解析解决方案。此外，基于矩形明渠流的先前知识，建立了基于修正对数苏醒（MLW）律的经验模型，以进一步阐明该主题。通过作者在联邦公路管理局Turner-Fairbank公路研究中心的工作以及来自文献的各种其他基准数据，通过立体粒子图像测速仪（S-PIV）收集的实验数据验证了这两个模型。这些模型可以用作新颖而强大的设计工具，从而获得最佳的横截面以及足够低的速度区域，以促进鱼的安全通过。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mohebbi, Amin.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.;Engineering Environmental.;Water Resource Management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 121 p.
  • 总页数 121
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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