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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology >Mean flow and turbulence characteristics of a full-scale spiral corrugated culvert with implications for fish passage
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Mean flow and turbulence characteristics of a full-scale spiral corrugated culvert with implications for fish passage

机译：大型螺旋波纹涵洞的平均流量和湍流特性对鱼的通过有影响

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A micro-acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure three-dimensional mean velocity and turbulence characteristics in a full-scale culvert with spiral corrugations. The culvert was set up in a test bed constructed to examine juvenile salmon passage success in various culvert types. The test culvert was 12.2 m long and 1.83 m in diameter and set at a 1.14% slope. The corrugations were 2.54 cm deep by 7.62 cm peak to peak with a 5 deg right-handed pitch. Cross-sectional grids of ADV measurements were taken at discharges of 0.028,0.043,0.071,0.099,0.113,0.227, and 0.453 m~3/s at nine locations. In the uniform flow region, the centerline velocity profiles were consistent with fully rough turbulent flows and the friction factor was independent of Reynolds number and was very close to theoretical results. Secondary flow induced by the spiral corrugations caused asymmetries in the velocity and turbulence distributions creating a reduced velocity zone (RVZ) on the right side of the culvert as seen looking upstream, which small fish could utilize to aid their upstream passage. Velocity and axial components of turbulence in the RVZ were found to be much less than in mid-channel or on the left of the culvert, and the difference became greater at increased flow rates. In addition, cross-stream and vertical velocity components within the RVZ were small relative to the downstream axial component, while lateral and vertical turbulence intensities were comparable to the axial component. Observations from a concurrent fish passage study showed that more juvenile fish migrate through the right side of the culvert within the RVZ.
机译：微声多普勒测速仪（ADV）用于测量具有螺旋波纹的全尺寸涵洞的三维平均速度和湍流特性。涵洞设置在测试床上，该实验床用于检查各种涵洞中幼鲑通过的成功率。试验涵洞长12.2 m，直径1.83 m，斜率设定为1.14％。波纹深度为2.54厘米，峰高为7.62厘米，右旋间距为5度。在9个位置分别以0.028、0.043、0.071、0.099、0.113、0.227和0.453 m〜3 / s的流量拍摄ADV测量的横截面网格。在均匀流动区域中，中心线速度分布与完全粗糙的湍流一致，摩擦系数与雷诺数无关，与理论结果非常接近。螺旋波纹引起的二次流导致速度和湍流分布不对称，从上游看，在涵洞的右侧形成了一个减小的速度带（RVZ），小鱼可以利用该速度带来帮助它们的上游通过。发现RVZ中湍流的速度和轴向分量比通道中部或涵洞左侧要小得多，并且在流速增加时差异变得更大。此外，RVZ内的横流和垂直速度分量相对于下游轴向分量较小，而横向和垂直湍流强度与轴向分量相当。一项同时进行的鱼通过研究的观察结果表明，更多的幼鱼在RVZ内通过涵洞的右侧迁移。

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