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Dam overtopping and flood routing with the TREX watershed model.

机译：利用TREX分水岭模型进行大坝顶坡和洪水调度。

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摘要

Modeling dam overtopping and flood routing downstream of reservoirs can provide basic information about the magnitudes of flood events that can be beneficial in dam engineering, emergency action planning, and floodplain management. In recent years there has been considerable progress in computer model code development, computing speed and capability, and available elevation, vegetation, soil type, and land use data which has led to much interest in multi-dimensional modeling of dam failure, overtopping, and flood routing at the watershed scale.;The purpose of this study is to ascertain the capability of the Two-dimensional, Runoff, Erosion and Export (TREX) model to simulate flooding from dam overtopping as the result of large scale precipitation events. The model has previously been calibrated for the California Gulch watershed near Leadville Colorado and was used for all of the simulations preformed for this study. TREX can simulate the reservoir filling and overtopping process by inserting an artificial dam into the digital elevation model (DEM) of a watershed.;To test the numerical stability of the model for large precipitation events, point source hydrographs were input to the model and the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition was used to determine the maximum numerically stable time steps. Point sources as large as 50,000 m3/s were stably routed utilizing a model time step as small as 0.004 seconds. Additionally the effects of large flows on the flood plain were analyzed using point source hydrographs. The areal extent of floodplain inundation was mapped and the total areal extent of flooding was quantified.;The attenuation of watershed outlet discharge due to upstream dams was analyzed. Three probable maximum precipitation (PMP) events and three estimated global maximum precipitation (GMP) events (the 1 hour, 6 hour, and 24 hour duration events), were simulated. Larger duration rainstorms had lower rainfall intensities but larger runoff volumes. A series of artificial dams ranging from 5 to 29 meters high were inserted into the DEM in sequential simulations and the attenuation of the downstream flood wave was quantified. The maximum attenuation of the peak discharge at the outlet of the watershed was 63% for an 18 meter high rectangular dam for the 1 hour PMP event, 58 % for a 20 meter high dam for the 6 hour PMP event, and 46% for a 29 meter high dam for the 24 hour duration PMP event. The same analysis was done using estimated global maximum precipitation (GMP) events. The maximum attenuation of the peak discharge at the outlet of the watershed was 59% for a 23 meter high rectangular dam for the 1 hour GMP event, 21 % for a 29 meter high dam for the 6 hour GMP event, and 9% for a 29 meter high dam for the 24 hour duration GMP event.
机译：对水库下游的水坝超调和洪水演习进行建模可以提供有关洪水事件大小的基本信息，这对水坝工程，应急行动计划和洪泛区管理可能是有益的。近年来，计算机模型代码的开发，计算速度和功能以及可用的海拔，植被，土壤类型和土地利用数据均取得了长足的进步，这引起了人们对大坝破坏，超调和破坏的多维建模的极大兴趣。该研究的目的是确定二维径流，侵蚀和出口（TREX）模型模拟​​大规模降雨事件导致的大坝超顶洪水的能力。该模型先前已针对科罗拉多州Leadville附近的加利福尼亚峡谷分水岭进行了校准，并已用于本研究进行的所有模拟。通过将人工大坝插入流域的数字高程模型（DEM）中，TREX可以模拟水库的充填和压顶过程。 Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy（CFL）条件用于确定最大的数值稳定时间步长。利用0.004秒的模型时间步长稳定地路由高达50,000 m3 / s的点源。另外，使用点源水位图分析了大流量对洪泛区的影响。绘制了洪泛区淹没的面积图，并对洪水的总面积进行了量化。;分析了上游大坝对流域出口流量的衰减。模拟了三个可能的最大降水（PMP）事件和三个估计的全球最大降水（GMP）事件（1小时，6小时和24小时持续时间事件）。持续时间较长的暴雨降雨强度较低，但径流量较大。在顺序模拟中，将一系列5到29米高的人造水坝插入DEM，并对下游洪水的衰减进行了量化。对于1小时的PMP事件，对于一个18米高的矩形水坝，该流域出口处的峰值排放的最大衰减为63％，对于6小时的PMP事件，对于一个20米高的水坝，其最大排放量为58％，对于20 29米高的水坝，持续24小时。使用估计的全球最大降水（GMP）事件进行了相同的分析。对于1小时的GMP事件，流域出口处的峰值排放的最大衰减为59％，对于23米高的矩形水坝，对于6小时的GMP事件，对于29米高的水坝，为21％，对于GMP事件，则为9％。在24小时的GMP事件中，水坝高29米。

著录项

  • 作者

    Steininger, Andrew.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 103 p.
  • 总页数 103
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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