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Social modulation of adult brain cell proliferation: Influence of sex and gonadal hormones.

机译：成人脑细胞增殖的社会调节：性激素和性腺激素的影响。

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摘要

Environmental factors are known to have far-reaching effects on nervous system function, and in the adult brain, it is clear that a wide range of environmental stimuli modulate cell proliferation and survival (e.g., neurogenesis). This project investigated whether social stimulation and concomitant changes in gonadal hormones can influence the proliferation of new cells in the adult brain. The adult green treefrog (Hyla cinerea) was used as the model system; studying the courtship behavior of the highly social treefrog affords a direct, quantifiable way to measure the effects of acoustic social cues and hormonal intervention on adult brain cell proliferation.;Using immunohistochemistry techiques, endocrinological manipulations, and socially-relevant acoustic stimulus presentations, I report that social cues modulate cell proliferation in the brains of adult male and female H. cinerea. I first mapped the distribution of proliferative areas in the adult treefrog brain using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling. I then exposed naturally-cycling male and female treefrogs to random tones or a recording of a natural H. cinerea chorus for ten days during the breeding season. I found that male and female treefrogs that heard their conspecific chorus exhibited increased brain cell proliferation compared to animals that heard random tones. Moreover, this modulation was region-specific and occurred in those regions which reflected their presumed involvement in reproductive physiology and behavior: the preoptic area (POA) and the infundibular hypothalamus (IF). To determine the involvement of gonadal hormones in cell proliferation with and without social stimulation, I gonadectomized and implanted male and female H. cinerea with blank or steroid-filled implants. After exposing the treefrogs to the same acoustic conditions as above, I discovered that social modulation of adult cell proliferation can occur without the influence of gonadal hormones (i.e., androgens in the male and estrogen in the female). Furthermore, the results revealed that neither hormone was neurotrophic and in fact, chronically-elevated estrogen levels decreased cell proliferation in the female POA and IF. Together, these results indicate that the reception of acoustic social cues increases cell proliferation in brain regions mediating sexual behavior and endocrine regulation; furthermore, this modulation occurs in a sexually-differentiated fashion without gonadal hormone influence.
机译：已知环境因素对神经系统功能具有深远的影响，并且在成年大脑中，很明显，广泛的环境刺激调节细胞的增殖和存活（例如，神经发生）。该项目研究了社会刺激和性腺激素的伴随变化是否会影响成年大脑中新细胞的增殖。以成年绿蛙（Hyla cinerea）为模型系统。研究高度社交性树蛙的求偶行为提供了一种直接的，可量化的方法来测量听觉社交线索和激素干预对成年脑细胞增殖的影响。我报告了使用免疫组织化学技术，内分泌操作和与社会相关的听觉刺激方法社会提示调节成年男性和女性灰质灰质人脑中的细胞增殖。我首先使用5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine（BrdU）标记绘制成年树蛙脑中增生区域的分布图。然后，在繁殖季节，我将自然循环的雄性和雌性树蛙暴露于随机的声调或自然灰质合唱的录音中，持续了十天。我发现与听到随机音调的动物相比，听到它们特定合唱的雄性和雌性树蛙表现出增加的脑细胞增殖。此外，这种调节是特定于区域的，并且发生在反映其推测参与生殖生理和行为的那些区域中：视前区（POA）和漏斗下丘脑（IF）。为了确定在有或没有社会刺激的情况下性腺激素在细胞增殖中的作用，我对男性和女性灰质灰质病进行了淋巴切除术并植入了空白或类固醇填充的植入物。在将树蛙暴露于与上述相同的声学条件后，我发现成年细胞增殖的社会调节可以在不受性腺激素（即雄性雄激素和雌性雌激素）影响的情况下发生。此外，结果表明，两种激素都不是神经营养的，事实上，长期升高的雌激素水平降低了女性POA和IF细胞的增殖。总之，这些结果表明，听觉社交线索的接收增加了介导性行为和内分泌调节的大脑区域的细胞增殖。此外，这种调节以性分化的方式发生，而没有性腺激素的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Almli, Lynn Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Biology Neuroscience.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 119 p.
  • 总页数 119
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:20

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