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首页> 外文学位 >Genomic analysis of a major seed protein/oil QTL region on soybean linkage group I.
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Genomic analysis of a major seed protein/oil QTL region on soybean linkage group I.

机译：大豆连锁I组主要种子蛋白/油QTL区域的基因组分析。

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The economic and nutritional value of soybeans is determined by its seed protein and oil contents. The genetic control of seed protein/oil is quantitative and many genomic regions associated with the regulation of these traits have been identified in soybean. The protein/oil quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapped to LG I (chromosome 20) is ubiquitous among high protein soybean lines. Identification of the candidate gene(s) underlying this major QTL would help us understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating seed protein/oil accumulation in soybean. Map based cloning to identify the candidate genes for the LG I QTL was undertaken. A BAC based physical map of the region was developed by chromosome walking. Utilizing the genome sequence of soybean and the fine genetic mapping, the QTL region was delineated to an approximately 8.4 Mbp pericentromeric region on chromosome 20. Thirteen genes exhibiting differential expression in developing seeds of near isogenic-lines (NILs) contrasting in protein/oil contents, were identified as potential candidates for the QTL. The homoeologous region corresponding to the QTL region was identified on chromosome 10, spanning a 7.3 Mbp pericentromeric region. Evidence suggests these regions were products of the recent soybean genome duplication 10-14 million years ago (MYA). Comparative analysis of the two regions indicated that both regions are hot spots for retrotransposon accumulation. However, the chromosome 20 region showed preferential accumulation of retrotransposons. The extent of synteny was poor in the retrotransposon rich (gene poor) regions while the adjacent retrotransposon poor (gene rich) regions showed high levels of synteny and colinearity. The genes conserved across the regions showed evidence of sub-funtionalization. The conserved genes were evolving under purifying selection and were enriched for genes involved in stress responses and transcription regulation. The abundance of retrotransposons in these regions points to the likely role of retrotransposons in the evolution of these regions. A detailed study of the retrotransposon insertions in BAC-sized regions around the QTL indicated intergenic and intragenic insertions. The majority of retrotransposon accumulations in the regions studied, happened in the past two million years. Retrotransposon insertions and selection against the insertions could be the predominant forces driving the evolution of this major protein/oil QTL region in soybean.
机译：大豆的经济和营养价值取决于其种子蛋白和油含量。种子蛋白质/油的遗传控制是定量的，大豆中已经鉴定出许多与调节这些性状相关的基因组区域。映射到LG I（20号染色体）的蛋白质/油定量性状基因座（QTL）在高蛋白大豆品系中普遍存在。鉴定该主要QTL潜在的候选基因将有助于我们理解调节大豆种子蛋白质/油积累的遗传和分子机制。进行基于图的克隆以鉴定LG I QTL的候选基因。通过染色体行走建立了基于BAC的区域物理图谱。利用大豆的基因组序列和精细的遗传作图，将QTL区划定为20号染色体上大约8.4 Mbp的着丝粒区域。十三种基因在蛋白质/油含量相反的近等基因系（NIL）的种子中表现出差异表达被确定为QTL的潜在候选人。在10号染色体上鉴定出对应于QTL区域的同源区域，跨过7.3Mbp的着丝粒中心区域。有证据表明，这些区域是10-14百万年前（MYA）最近的大豆基因组重复的产物。对这两个区域的比较分析表明，两个区域都是反转录转座子积累的热点。但是，第20号染色体区域显示了逆转座子的优先积累。在反转录转座子丰富（基因贫乏）区域，同义程度差，而相邻的反转录转座子贫乏（基因丰富）地区则表现出高水平的同线性和共线性。跨区域保守的基因显示了亚功能化的证据。保守的基因在纯化选择下进化，并富集涉及应激反应和转录调控的基因。这些区域中反转录转座子的丰富表明了这些区域中反转录转座子的可能作用。对QTL周围BAC大小区域中反转录转座子插入的详细研究表明是基因间插入和基因内插入。在研究的区域中，大多数反转录转座子积累发生在过去的两百万年中。反转录转座子插入和针对插入的选择可能是驱动大豆中该主要蛋白质/油QTL区域进化的主要力量。

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