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The political economy of repugnance.

机译:厌恶的政治经济学。

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摘要

Repugnance is an important part of political decision-making. It creates constraints over the choice set. Understanding how these constraints interact with economic activity and change over time is an important aspect of political economy. This dissertation looks at the evolution of thinking on repugnance and some of the implications that it has had and continues to have.;The first essay considers the origin of dynamic models of social coordination in the texts of Bernard Mandeville, Adam Smith, and Jeremy Bentham. Both Smith's criticism of Mandeville and Bentham's critique of Smith outline necessary conditions of social evolution. This defines the space of the repugnance problem.;The second essay looks at Richard Titmuss's case against markets in whole blood. Richard Titmuss identifies a failure in the market for blood that he attributes to the profit incentive. The alternative view is that a market process ultimately solves these failures of coordination. I evaluate these two limiting conditions by accounting for time preference and political entrepreneurship.;The last essay treats the current global shortage for organs. I first argue that markets are not intrinsically repugnant. They offer a mechanism of reducing waitlists for organs. Next, I explore the argument that organ transplants themselves are a source of repugnance. Initiatives that use reciprocity-based exchange reduce repugnance and increase donations. Finally, I look at repugnance as a justification for prohibition. I offer a skeptical but progressive theory relying on experimentation with different institutional structures.
机译:抵制是政治决策的重要组成部分。它对选择集产生约束。了解这些制约因素如何与经济活动相互作用以及随着时间的推移而变化是政治经济学的重要方面。本论文着眼于抵触思想的演变以及它已经产生并继续存在的一些含义。第一篇文章探讨了伯纳德·曼德维尔,亚当·斯密和杰里米·边沁的著作中社会协调动态模型的起源。 。史密斯对曼德维尔的批评和边沁对史密斯的批评都概述了社会发展的必要条件。这定义了抵制问题的空间。第二篇文章着眼于理查德·蒂特姆斯的全血案。理查德·蒂特莫斯(Richard Titmuss)指出,血液市场的失败归因于利润激励。另一种观点是,市场过程最终可以解决这些协调失灵。我通过考虑时间偏好和政治企业家精神来评估这两个限制条件。上一篇文章讨论了当前全球器官短缺的问题。首先,我认为市场并不是本质上令人讨厌的。它们提供了减少器官候补名单的机制。接下来,我将探讨器官移植本身是令人反感的原因。使用基于互惠的交换的倡议减少了抵赖感并增加了捐款。最后,我将抵制视为禁止的理由。我提供了一种怀疑但渐进的理论,它依赖于对不同制度结构的试验。

著录项

  • 作者

    Thomas, Michael David.;

  • 作者单位

    George Mason University.;

  • 授予单位 George Mason University.;
  • 学科 Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 126 p.
  • 总页数 126
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 经济学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:25

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