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Comparing mutant p53 and a wild-type p53 isoform, p47: Rationale for the selection of mutant p53 in tumours.

机译:比较突变体p53和野生型p53同种型,p47:选择肿瘤中突变体p53的原理。

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摘要

One of the major unresolved questions in cancer biology is why the majority of tumour cells express mutant p53 proteins. p53 is considered the prototype tumour suppressor protein, whose inactivation is the most frequent single genetic event in human cancer (Bourdon et al., 2005). Genetically-engineered p53-null knockout mice acquire multiple tumours very early on in life and human Li-Fraumeni families who carry germline mutations in p53 are highly cancer-prone (reviewed in Vousden and Lane, 2007). p53 mutant proteins have been found to acquire novel functions that promote cancer cell proliferation and survival, yet exactly why mutant p53s acquire oncogenic activity is still poorly understood. Mutant p53 has also been found to complex with wildtype p53, thus acting in a dominant negative way. However, this inhibition is incomplete since many cancers with mutant p53 alleles also have a loss of the second wild-type p53 allele and thus only express the mutant p53 (Baker et al., 1989). An N-terminal truncated p53 isoform, p47, arising from alternative splicing of the p53 gene (Ghosh et al., 2004) or by alternative initiation sites for translation (Yin et al. , 2002), has been described. Alternative splicing was found to be universal in all human multi-exon genes (Wang et al., 2008) and therefore determining the role of the p47 isoform with respect to the p53 gene is essential. Evidence in this study suggests that mutant p53 (p53RI75H) has a similar structure and function as p47, including the ability to complex with and impair both p53 and p73. Therefore, in addition to expressing a tumour suppressor protein, the p53 gene can also express an onco-protein (p47). This study therefore argues that tumours select for mutant p53 because it has gained the ability to function like p47, a wild-type p53 isoform.
机译:癌症生物学中尚未解决的主要问题之一是为什么大多数肿瘤细胞表达突变型p53蛋白。 p53被认为是原型抑癌蛋白,其失活是人类癌症中最常见的单一遗传事件(Bourdon等,2005)。基因改造的p53-null基因敲除小鼠在生命的早期就患有多种肿瘤,在p53中携带种系突变的人类Li-Fraumeni家族极易发生癌症(Vousden和Lane,2007年综述)。已经发现p53突变蛋白具有促进癌细胞增殖和存活的新功能,但是究竟为什么突变p53具有致癌活性仍不清楚。还发现突变体p53与野生型p53复合,因此以显性负性方式起作用。但是,这种抑制作用是不完全的,因为许多具有突变型p53等位基因的癌症也失去了第二个野生型p53等位基因,因此仅表达了突变型p53(Baker等,1989)。已经描述了由p53基因的可变剪接(Ghosh等,2004)或通过翻译的替代起始位点(Yin等,2002)引起的N末端截短的p53同工型,p47。发现剪接在所有人类多外显子基因中都是通用的(Wang等,2008),因此确定p47同种型相对于p53基因的作用至关重要。这项研究的证据表明,突变体p53(p53RI75H)具有与p47相似的结构和功能,包括与p53和p73络合并削弱其功能。因此,除了表达肿瘤抑制蛋白之外,p53基因还可以表达癌蛋白(p47)。因此,这项研究认为肿瘤选择突变体p53是因为它具有像p47(野生型p53亚型)一样发挥功能的能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Marini, Wanda.;

  • 作者单位

    McGill University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 McGill University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Biology Microbiology.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 97 p.
  • 总页数 97
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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