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首页> 外文学位 >Alpha-amylase, cortisol, and pupillary responses to social and non-social dynamic scenes in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
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Alpha-amylase, cortisol, and pupillary responses to social and non-social dynamic scenes in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

机译：自闭症谱系障碍幼儿对社交和非社交动态场景的α-淀粉酶，皮质醇和瞳孔反应。

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摘要

Social dysfunction is a hallmark feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However since the initial description of ASD by Kanner (1943) it has been recognized that the disorder may manifest from a more basic neuropsychological deficit in attention and/or arousal, and previous studies have found altered autonomic and attentional responses during both baseline conditions and in response to socially-relevant stimuli in those with ASD. Based on this line of inquiry, we recently used eye-tracking technology to examine visual scanning and pupillary responses and found a larger tonic (baseline) pupil size (Anderson & Colombo, 2009) and altered phasic (task-specific) pupillary responses to human faces, with no group-based differences in visual scanning (Anderson, Colombo, & Shaddy, 2006) in 2-5 year old children with ASD compared to age-matched controls. To replicate and extend these previous results, children (20 -- 72 months of age) with ASD (n = 12), along with Down syndrome (DS; n = 9), and typicallydeveloping (TD; n = 11) age-matched controls were presented with a social and a non-social dynamic and multimodal video clip. Each stimulus was presented for 10 minutes on two separate testing days; location of gaze and pupil size was recorded, along with salivary measures of alpha-amylase and cortisol. Tonic measures of pupil size, AA and cortisol were also recorded during a baseline period. The ASD group was significantly distinguished in group-based analyses from both the DS and TD groups through (a) a larger tonic pupil size, (b) lower tonic levels of AA, which were significantly related to tonic pupil size, and (c) increased phasic pupil responses to the social stimulus. These findings provide replication of our previous investigations and a unique finding of lower AA levels in the ASD group. These results may provide clues about underlying norepinephrine system pathology in ASD, and the potential of non-invasive measures of pupil size and salivary AA in the early identification and screening of the disorder.
机译：社交功能障碍是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的标志性特征。然而，自从Kanner（1943）首次对ASD进行描述以来，已经认识到该疾病可能表现为注意力和/或唤醒的更基本的神经心理学缺陷，并且先前的研究发现在基线状态和基线状态下，自主神经和注意力反应均发生了改变。 ASD患者对与社会相关的刺激的反应。基于这一询问，我们最近使用眼动追踪技术检查了视觉扫描和瞳孔反应，发现了较大的补品（基线）瞳孔大小（Anderson＆Colombo，2009），并且改变了对人的阶段性（特定于任务的）瞳孔反应与年龄相匹配的对照组相比，在2-5岁的ASD儿童中，面部表情在视觉扫描上没有基于组的差异（Anderson，Colombo和Shaddy，2006年）。为了复制和扩展这些先前的结果，患有ASD（n = 12），唐氏综合症（DS; n = 9），典型地正在发育（TD; n = 11）的儿童（20至72个月大）控件带有社交和非社交动态多模式视频剪辑。每个刺激在两个单独的测试日中显示10分钟；记录凝视的位置和瞳孔的大小，以及唾液中α-淀粉酶和皮质醇的含量。在基线期间还记录了瞳孔大小，AA和皮质醇的强直测量。通过（a）较大的补品瞳孔大小，（b）较低的AA补品水平（与补品的学生瞳孔大小显着相关）和（c），ASD组在基于组的分析中与DS和TD组明显不同。阶段性学生对社会刺激的反应增加。这些发现为我们以前的研究提供了重复，并为ASD组的AA水平降低提供了独特的发现。这些结果可能提供有关ASD中潜在的去甲肾上腺素系统病理学的线索，以及在早期识别和筛查疾病中采用无创测量瞳孔大小和唾液AA的潜力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Anderson, Christa J.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Kansas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Kansas.;
  • 学科 Psychology Psychobiology.;Psychology Cognitive.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 188 p.
  • 总页数 188
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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