Land and population are the two elements which should be relocated in urbanization development. In our country, safe⁃guard the rights and interests of farmers is an important content of the new type of urbanization construction, it′s also the core essence of the population urbanization. Due to the peasant status limit in history binary system is not completely eliminated, and the household registration system reform is not completed, farmers in China also face many difficulties in the implementation of land property rights, equal to urban residents sharing aspects such as social security service. At this time, we need to keep improving and advancing the im⁃plementation of the residence permit system, in order to prepare for the household registration system reform, to promote agricultural scale operation and cultivate new type of professional farmers, to establish full coverage of the social security system and implement for transferring the urban and rural social security relations.%城镇化发展涉及土地和人口两种资源要素的再配置。保障农民权益是我国新型城镇化建设的一项重要内容，也是实现“人的城镇化”的核心要义。由于历史上二元体制下农民的身份限制还没有完全消除，以及户籍制度改革还不彻底，我国农民在实现土地财产权益、与城市居民同等享有社会保障服务等方面还面临诸多困境。在现阶段，要不断完善和推进实施居住证制度，为实现彻底的户籍制度改革进行过渡、做准备；要推进农地规模经营，培育新型职业农民，建立全覆盖的社会保障制度，实现社会保障关系城乡转移接续等。
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