Abstrca t:Thirteen pairs of SSR ( Simple Sequence Repeats)primers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 47 acces-sions of plum germplasm resources.The results showed that the mean number of polymorphic alleles ( Na) was 10.846, the num-ber of effective alleles ( Ne) per locus was 4.806, the average observed heterozygosity ( Ho) was 0.746, the average expected het-erozygosity ( He) was 0.774, and the mean Shannon’ s diversity index ( I) was 1.817, suggesting the tested plum germplasm re-sources had a high genetic diversity.Neighbor-Joining clustering analysis based on Nei’s distance indicated that 47 plum samples were divided into 3 groups, and the synonyms of these germplasm resources could be identified clearly , which was similar to the results of STRUCTURE clustering analysis based on Bayesian method .It was concluded that the plum germplasm resources from Japan and USA had a closer phylogenetic relationship with those from the Southern China .%利用13对SSR引物对47份李种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析，结果表明：13对引物在47个样品中的平均等位基因数（ Na）为10．846，有效等位基因数（ Ne）平均值为4．806，观察杂合度（ Ho）平均值为0．746，平均期望杂合度（ He）为0．774， Shannon多样性指数（ I）平均值为1．817，说明供试的李种质资源具有较高的遗传多样性。基于Nei距离的Neighbor－Joining聚类分析结果表明：47个李样品被分为3个组，同时能够清楚地鉴别出同物异名的种质资源。基于贝叶斯方法的STRUCTURE聚类分析进一步证实了这一结果。表明日本和美国的李品种与我国南方李品种群亲缘关系较近。
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