陆地棉的遗传基础狭窄,阻碍了棉花的遗传改良进程.为有效拓宽陆地棉的遗传基础,本试验利用野生种黄褐棉(AD4)为供体亲本,以综合性状优良的B0011品系为受体亲本(国审棉华杂棉H318的亲本之一),构建了含71个株系的导入系BC5S5群体.基于SLAF-seq的基因分型和多年多点田间试验的综合分析表明,该导入系在产量和纤维性状方面具有很大的变异,共检测到48个QTL,其中包含19个产量和29个纤维构成因素相关的QTL.在At亚组检测到9个性状的32个QTL,在Dt亚组为16个.进一步对QTL加性效应方向分析显示,其中有30个QTL的加性效应为正,18个QTL的加性效应为负.本研究结果为利用黄褐棉重要农艺性状有利等位基因改良陆地棉产量和品质奠定了基础.%The genetic basis of upland cotton is narrow, which hinders the progress of genetic improvement of cotton. To effec-tively broaden the genetic basis of upland cotton, we developed BC5S5 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) popula-tion consisting of 71 CSSLs, which was derived from the Gossypium mustelinum, the wild cotton (AD4) as the donor, and B0011, one parent of national authorized cotton variety Huazamian H318 with good comprehensive characters of upland cotton line (AD1) as the receptor. A comprehensive analysis was conducted via the SLAF-seq genotyping and phenotyping under multiple environ-ments. This population showed a wide range of variation in yield components and fiber quality, and a total of 48 QTLs were de-tected including 19 for yield components and 29 for fiber quality. Among the QTLs for nine traits, 32 and 16 were on the At and Dt sub-genomes, respectively. Further analysis revealed that 30 QTLs showed positive additive effects, and 18 QTLs showed negative additive effects. The results of this study lay a foundation for the genetic improvement of upland cotton using the elite alleles of important agronomic traits from G. mustelinum.
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