目的：监测、分析小儿心脏监护病房（CICU）病原菌分布特点及超广谱β-内酰胺酶阳性菌[ESBLs（＋）]的耐药状况，为指导临床合理用药提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析 CICU 分离的病原菌及耐药性。结果送检各类标本共计1192份，检测出病原菌124株（10．4％），主要来源于呼吸道（74株，59．7％），其中革兰阴性菌62株（50．0％）、革兰阳性菌50株（40．3％）、真菌12株（9．7％）。ESBLs（＋）菌共24株（19．4％），均检自肺炎克雷伯菌及大肠埃希菌，对青霉素类、头孢菌素、氨曲南的耐药率高，对氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类、碳氢霉烯类的耐药率低。结论CICU 病原菌多来源于呼吸道，ESBLs（＋）菌的检出率高、耐药严重，应加强监测病原菌分布及耐药性，指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。%Objective To monitor and analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance of ESBLs (+)bacteria in CICU of Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital,in order to provide the theoretical basis for rational use of antibiotics in clinical prac-tice.Methods A retrospective analysis was made of pathogenic bacteria separated in CICU from January 2011 to December 2015 and of their antibiotic resistance.Results From a total of 1 192 samples,the detected pathogenic bacteria were 124 strains (10.4%), mainly derived from the respiratory tract (74 strains,59.7%).Among them,there were 62 strains (50.0%)of gram-negative bacteria, 50 strains (40.3%)of gram positive bacteria and 12 strains (9.7%)of fungus.ESBLs (+)bacteria,a total of 24 strains (19.4%), were both from pneumonia klebsiella bacteria and e.Coli,which were highly resistant to penicillin,cephalosporin and aztreonam,but were lowly resistant to aminoglycoside,quinolone and hydrocarbon alkene.Conclusions Pathogenic bacteria in CICU were mainly de-rived from respiratory tract.The detection rate of ESBLs (+)bacteria was high and their antibiotic resistance was serious.We should strengthen the monitoring of distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria,in order to provide guidance for rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinic.
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