无细胞翻译系统是高效表达重组蛋白质的体外分子研究系统,BYL是一种通过密度梯度离心法脱去液泡的烟草BY-2裂解液无细胞系统.BYL系统可支持外源mRNA以及多种植物RNA病毒的蛋白质表达,由于BYL系统中保留植物RNA病毒复制所需的胞内膜结构,所以该系统可支持RNA病毒核酸负义链、正义链和亚基因RNA的合成.综述了BYL系统应用于植物RNA病毒翻译和复制等机理以及RNA干扰机制方面的研究进展,并对其研究前景进行展望,旨在便于更多的研究者系统了解BYL无细胞系统,将其更广泛地应用于其他RNA病毒的翻译复制机制研究中.%Cell-free translation system is an in vitro molecular study system for efficient expression of recombinant proteins. The BYL is tobacco BY-2 lysate cell-free system from which vacuoles are removed by density gradient centrifugation. The BYL system supports recombinant protein expression and many plant viral protein expressions. Because the intracellular membrane fraction required for viral RNA replication is retained,the BYL system also supports negative-strand,positive-strand and subgenomic RNA synthesis of plant positive-strand RNA viruses. This paper reviewed the applications of BYL system in the molecular insight of translation and replication mechanism of plant RNA viruses as well as RNA interference mechanism,and prospected their future research trend. This review systematically illustrated the BYL system,which is expected to be applied in the study of of other plant RNA viruses and provides intriguing insights.
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