微藻生物柴油是唯一有潜力代替传统化石燃料解决交通用油问题的可再生生物能源，但其产业化主要受到微藻培养高成本的制约。工业废气（烟道气）不仅含有大量CO2，还含有硫氧化物（SOx）和氮氧化物（NOx）。因此，利用烟道气培养产油微藻既可以降低微藻生物柴油的生产成本，又可以减少温室气体和污染气体的排放。综述了微藻液体悬浮培养系统吸收、转化CO2、SOX和NOx的机理和利用烟道气培养微藻的研究与实践，基于微藻细胞具有高效吸收、转化CO2、SO2和NOx的能力，提出了建立微藻产油、固碳、脱硫、除硝一体化模式来帮助解决当前能源和环境问题的设想。%Biodiesel from microalgae is considered as the only renewable biofuel that has the potential to displace traditional petroleum-derived transport fuels and meet the global demand for transport fuels. However, its more widespread use is limited by high cost of microalgal cultivation. Industrial waste gas(flue gas)contains not only a lot of CO2, but also considerable sulfur oxides(SOx)and nitrogen oxides(NOx), so utilization of flue gas for microalgal cultivation to reduce the cost of microalgal biodiesel has atracted more and more attention. In this paper, the mechanism of absorption and metablization of CO2, SO2 and NOx by microalgae and the applications of flue gas in cultivation of microalgae were reviewed. Based on the unique capacity of microalgal suspention culture system in utilization of CO2, SO2 and NOx, the idea of simultaneous lipid production, CO2 fixation, SO2 and NOx removal by microalgae was established.
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