Heparan sulfate is a linear polysaccharide found in all animal tissues.2-O-sulfation within HS,particularly of iduronate residues,is essential for HS to participate in a variety of high-affinity ligand-binding interactions and signaling processes.Heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase(Hs2st) catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to the C2-position of selected hexuronic acid residues within the maturing HS.Previous studies have concluded that 2-O-sulfation of HS is essential for it to cooperate in many growth factor/receptor interactions.Surprisingly therefore,embryos lacking functional H s2st survive until birth,but die perinatally,suffering complete failure to form kidneys.However,this rather late lethality belies a more intricate involvement of 2-O-sulfated HS during development.The purpose of this review is to summarize the requirements for Hs2st during mouse development at the morphological and molecular level,and its role in the synthesis of heparin and HS.%硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)是由多个硫酸化结构的二糖单位重复形成的线型多糖,并以共价键形式与核心蛋白质连接形成硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖,而硫酸乙酰肝素2-O-硫酸基转移酶(Hs2st)为硫酸乙酰肝素多糖链硫酸化修饰的主要硫酸基转移酶,它将硫酸基团转移至L-艾杜糖残基的C2位.研究表明,HS的2-O-硫酸化对于"HS与众多生长因子或受体进行相互作用是很重要的.缺乏功能性酶Hs2st的胚胎只能存活至出生前,临产时会由于无法形成完整的肾脏而死亡.这种致命性暗示了HS的2-O-硫酸化在小鼠胚胎发育过程中有着重要的作用.从形态学和分子水平上对Hs2st在小鼠胚胎发育过程中的重要性及其在肝素/HS合成过程中的作用进行了综述.
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