目的 评价应用颞下颌关节内镜手术治疗关节盘不可复性前移位所致张口受限的临床疗效.方法 选取深圳大学第一附属医院口腔科2007 ～ 2009年保守治疗6个月以上无效,术前MRI检查发现关节盘出现不可复性前移位的关节内紊乱患者23名(28侧关节),局麻下进行行颞下颌关节镜手术治疗,采用关节上腔前后隐窝双通道手术(包括灌洗术、粘连松解术、关节盘盘前松解+盘复位术).主客观评价资料视觉模拟疼痛指数评估(visual analogue pain score,VAS),张口度及MRI检查在术前和术后7,30和60 d及以上收集分析,评价颞下颌关节镜手术的疗效.结果 术后各时间段开口度与术前相比差异有显著性(P＜0.01).治疗后6个月最大张口度平均值由(20.4±4.5)mm改善至(38.9±3.2)mm较治疗前差异有显著性(P＜0.01),视觉模拟疼痛指数评估(VAS),由术前的(56.4±9.9)改善至(9.2±2.7),差异有显著性(P=0.0023).术前MRI检查所有患者均可见关节盘不可复性前移位,其中18侧(18/28,64％)关节可见关节盘变形,5侧(5/28,18％)关节腔内可见积液.术后60 d复查MRI,发现14侧关节盘与术前相比位置明显改善,13侧关节盘与术前相比位置少许改善,1侧关节盘无改变.所有颞下颌关节镜手术过程顺利,术后无并发症的发生.结论 该颞下颌关节镜手术是一种安全性高,创伤小,并能有效改善关节区疼痛和下颌运动受限的治疗方法,并且关节盘位置明显改善.与开放手术相比较拥有风险性小,并发症少,恢复快等优势,成功率高能有效治疗颞下颌关节盘不可复性前移位,前景光明,值得在临床进一步推广.%[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical results and efficacy of an arthroscopic approach to correct anterior displacement of the disc without reduction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with limitation of mouth opening. [Methods] We studied 28 joints with internal derangement in 23 patients, all of whom had had arthroscopic surgery (lavage, lysis of adhesions in the superior compartment, incision parallel to the disc-synovial crease of the upper joint compartment, and pull back of the anteriorly located disc). Objective and subjective data (increase in maximal interincisal opening, magnetic resonance imaging, and visual analogue pain score, VAS) were collected preoperatively and at 7, 30, 60 days, and 6 months or more postoperatively. [Result] Maximal interincisal opening improved from a mean (SD) of (20.4±4.5) mm preoperative measurement to (38.9±3.2) mm by 6 months postoperatively where indicated in previous line. The VAS showed a significant improvement in pain score (P =0.0023). Sixty days postoperatively the positions of the discs in 14 of the TMJs had improved considerably. In 13 of the TMJs the positions had improved slightly. Only 1 of the TMJs had not improved at all. There were no complications in any patient. [ Conclusions ] Our arthroscopic procedure is safe, minimally invasive, and effective for the treatment of patients with displacement of the disc anteriorly without reduction of the TMJ.
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