目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族医学专业大学生体质健康状况,获取其身体形态、机能变化规律和特点,探讨改进学生体质健康的方法和策略.方法 采用人体测量法对2006～2016年新疆维吾尔自治区医学专业大学生体质测试数据进行收集整理,运用数理统计法对汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族学生体质健康动态变化和差异进行比较分析.结果 2006～2016年,同一民族内比较,男生身高均逐年增长(P＜0.05),女生身高变化不明显(P＞0.05);男女生体重指数(BMI)增速较快,肺活量整体出现明显下降(P＜0.01).不同民族间比较,汉族和哈萨克族男生体重增长程度明显高于维吾尔族男生,汉族女生肺活量明显优于维吾尔族女生(P＜0.01).结论 十年间,新疆维吾尔自治区汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族医学专业大学生体重、BMI增长较快,肺活量整体下降,民族之间各指标变化程度有区别.%Objective To understand the physical health status of the medical students of Han,Uygur and Kazak nationalities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,to obtain their body shapes,function change law and characteristic,in order to discuss on the methods and strategies of improving students' physical health.Methods The physical examination data of medical college students in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2006 to 2016 were collected and arranged by anthropometry,the dynamic changes and differences among the Han,Uygur and Kazakh students were compared and analyzed by mathematical statistics.Results From 2006 to 2016,within the same ethnic group,male height was increasing year by year (P ＜ 0.05),the change in height of female students was not obvious (P ＞ 0.05).The growth rates of male and female body mass index (BMI) increased rapidly,and the vital capacity was significantly decreased overall (P ＜ 0.01).Among ethnic groups,the weight of the Han and Kazak male students was significantly higher than that of the Uyghur male students,the vital capacity of Han female students was better than that of the Uyghur female students (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion In the past decade,the Han,Uygur and Kazakh nationalities medical college students in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region have a fast growth in body weight and BMI,and the total lung capacity has declined overall,and there is a difference in the degree of variation among ethnic groups
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