目的：探讨社会技能训练对社区精神分裂症患者的影响。方法将96例社区精神分裂症患者随机分成研究组和对照组各48例。对研究组进行药物自我管理和症状自我监控技能训练共16周，对照组开展常规的精神卫生康复服务（物理治疗及工娱治疗）16周，然后随访观察12个月。采用社会功能量表PSP、阳性阴性症状量表PANSS对研究对象进行评估。结果研究组PANSS（45.92±15.03）、PSP（70.31±8.65）明显优于对照组PANSS（53.32±16.21）、PSP（61.9±10.58），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。研究组复发率14.6%低于对照组25.0%，差异有统计学意义。研究组再就业率12.5%高于对照组再就业率8.3%，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论社会独立技能训练有利于精神分裂症患者社区康复，再就业面临无职业康复机构。%Objective To investigate the influence of social skill training on the community-based rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. Methods Ninety-six community patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 48 patients in each group. The study group received skill training on drug self-management and symptom self-monitoring for a total of 16 weeks. The control group received conventional mental health rehabilitation services(physical therapy and occupational and recreational therapy) for 16 weeks. Then the patients were followed up for 12 months. The personal and social performance scale(PSP) and the positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS) were used to evaluate the study subjects. Results The study group had significantly better PANSS (45.92 ± 15.03) and PSP (70.31 ± 8.65) than the control group PANSS (53.32 ± 16.21) and PSP (61.9 ± 10.58), with significant differences(P<0.05). The recurrence rate of the study group was 14.6%, which was lower than the 25.0% of the control group, with significant difference. The reemployment rate of the study group was 12.5%, which was higher than the 8.3% of the control group, with no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion Social independent skill training is conducive to the community-based rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia. Reemployment is challenged with the absence of vocational rehabilitation agencies.
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