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首页> 中文期刊> 《动物营养学报》 >枯草芽孢杆菌和紫锥菊提取物对育肥羊生长性能、免疫性能和肉品质的影响

枯草芽孢杆菌和紫锥菊提取物对育肥羊生长性能、免疫性能和肉品质的影响

         
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This study was to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Echinacea extract on growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility,diarrhea rate,serum biochemical indexes,organ indexes,carcass traits and meat quality of fattening sheep.Twenty seven weaned male Suffolk×small tailed Han lambs were assigned to one of three groups (3 replicates per group and 3 sheep per replicate),and lambs were fed a basal diet (control group),the basal diet + 100 mg/(kg BW · d) Bacillus subtilis (liver bacteria number ≥ 5 × 108 CFU/g) (Bacillus subtilis group),and the basal diet+100 mg/(kg BW · d) Echinacea extract (Echinacea group),respectively.The pre-test lasted for 10 d,and the test lasted for 60 d.The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences of average daily gain,dry matter intake and feed/gain among groups (P＞0.05);compared with control group and Echinacea group,dry matter intake of the whole fattening period was decreased by 12.07％ and 8.87％,respectively.2) Compared with control group,Bacillus subtilis group had significantly higher apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber (P＜0.05),and Echinacea group had significantly higher apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber (P＜0.05).3) Compared with control group,Bacillus subtilis group had significantly lower diarrhea rate,and serum concentrations of urea nitrogen,albumin,triglycerides and glucose (P＜0.05),but had significantly higher serum concentrations of total protein and globulin,spleen index,and lung index (P＜0.05);Echinacea group had significantly higher serum alkaline phosphatase activity and globulin concentration (P＜0.05),but had significantly lower serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and albumin (P＜0.05).4) Compared with control group,slaughter rate,GR value,eye muscle area,and pH and the contents of crude protein and crude fat of muscle in Bacillus subtilis group were not significantly changed (P＞ 0.05),shear force and moisture content of meat were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and cooking rate of meat was significantly reduced (P＜0.05);meat regular nutrient composition in Echinacea group was not significantly changed (P＞0.05).These results indicate that Bacillus subtilis can improve nutrient apparent digestibility,immunity and meat quality of fattening sheep;Echinacea extract can improve apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber of fattening sheep,and has improvements on serum biochemical indexes.%本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌、紫锥菊提取物对育肥羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、腹泻率、血清生化指标、器官指数、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响.选择3～4月龄、体况相近的断奶萨寒公羔27只,随机分为对照组、枯草芽孢杆菌组及紫锥菊组(每组设3个重复,每个重复3只羊),分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+100 mg/(kg BW·d)枯草芽孢杆菌(活菌数≥5×108 CFU/g)(枯草芽孢杆菌组)及基础饲粮+100 mg/(kg BW·d)紫锥菊提取物(紫锥菊组).预试期10 d,正试期60 d.结果表明:1)各组平均日增重、干物质采食量和料重比无显著差异(P＞0.05),枯草芽孢杆菌组与对照组、紫锥菊组相比,整个育肥期干物质采食量分别降低了12.07％和8.87％.2)与对照组相比,枯草芽孢杆菌组干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著提高(P＜0.05),紫锥菊组酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著提高(P＜0.05).3)与对照组相比,枯草芽孢杆菌组腹泻率,血清尿素氮、白蛋白、甘油三酯和葡萄糖浓度显著降低(P＜0.05),血清总蛋白、球蛋白浓度及脾脏指数、肺脏指数显著提高(P＜0.05);紫锥菊组血清碱性磷酸酶活性、球蛋白浓度显著升高(P＜0.05),血清白蛋白、尿素氮浓度显著降低(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,枯草芽孢杆菌组屠宰率、GR值、眼肌面积和羊肉pH、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量均无显著变化(P＞0.05),羊肉剪切力、水分含量显著降低(P＜0.05),羊肉熟肉率显著升高(P＜0.05);紫锥菊组羊肉常规营养成分含量无显著变化(P＞0.05).由此可见,枯草芽孢杆菌可以显著提高育肥羊营养物质的表观消化率和免疫性能,改善肉品质;紫锥菊提取物对育肥羊酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率有提高作用,对血清生化指标有一定改善作用.

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