Objective:To explore the dynamic variation of serum neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) and its clinical significance in patients with acute organophosphate poisoning .Methods:Ninety patients with acute organophosphate poisoning were enrolled into case group ,and other 90 healthy subjects were enrolled as control group .Venous blood samples of 3 .0 mL were collected from the all 180 subjects at admission .Apart from the 8 patients died on day 1 ,the other 172 subjects underwent collection of 3 .0 mL venous blood samples on day 2 ,day 3 ,day 5 ,day 7 .Serum NSE concentration was measured by enzyme‐linked immu‐nosorbent assay ,while cholinesterase(ChE) was determined by photoelectric colorimetry .Results:Eight patients in case group died on admission day ,of whom the average concentration of NSE and ChE were (131 .72 ± 10 .84) ng/mL ,(199 ± 228) U/L , respectively .Concentration of NSE of the rest 82 patients on day 1 ,day 2 ,day 3 were (54 .56 ± 5 .46) ng/mL ,(36 .18 ± 5 .27) ng/mL ,(20 .56 ± 4 .64) ng/mL ,respectively ,and concentration of the control group on the corresponding time points were (9 .72 ± 3 .92) ng/mL ,(9 .48 ± 3 .66 )ng/mL ,(9 .86 ± 3 .62)ng/mL ,respectively .Statistically significant differences were de‐tected between two groups(P< 0 .01) .Average concentration of ChE of the rest 82 patients on day 1 ,day 2 ,day 3 were (1628 .60 ± 112) U/L、(2113 .59 ± 324) U/L、(2474 .75 ± 711) U/L ,respectively ,and those in the control group on the corre‐sponding time points were (5982 ± 215) U/L ,(5651 ± 136) U/L ,(5783 ± 764)U/L ,respectively .Statistically significant differences were detected between two groups(P<0 .01) .The concentrations of NSE were in significantly negative correlation with that of ChE in mild ,middle and severe poisoning patients on day 1 ,day 2 ,day 3 ,and in positive correlation with the poi‐soning severity .The correlation coefficients rs>0 .05 ,P<0 .05 .Conclusions:Serum NSE may be used as an reference indica‐tor in the diagnosis and treatment of acute organophosphate poisoning .%目的：探讨急性有机磷中毒患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuron‐specific enolase ，NSE）的变化及临床意义。方法：选择90例急性有机磷中毒患者作为病例组，另选90例健康成人作为对照组。180例研究对象均于入院即刻采集静脉血3．0 mL ；除第1天病死的8例患者外，其余172例研究对象均于第2、3、5、7天分别采集静脉血3．0 mL。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清NSE浓度；采用光电比色法测定血清胆碱酯酶（ChE）浓度。结果：病例组中8例患者于入院当日病死，其NSE及ChE血清浓度分别为（131．72±10．84） ng／mL、（199±228）U／L。病例组中其余82例患者入院后第1、2、3天血清NSE的平均水平分别为（54．56±5．46） ng／mL、（36．18±5．27） ng／mL、（20．56±4．64） ng／mL ，对照组相应时间点的NSE浓度分别为（9．72±3．92） ng／m L、（9．48±3．66） ng／m L、（9．86±3．62） ng／m L ，两组间差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．01）。病例组82例患者入院后第1、2、3天血清ChE的平均水平分别为（1628．60±112） U／L、（2113．59±324） U／L、（2474．75±711） U／L ，对照组相应时间点的ChE浓度分别为（5982±215） U／L、（5651±136） U／L、（5783±764）U／L ，两组间的差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。入院第1、2、3天轻、中、重度中毒患者的NSE浓度与ChE浓度呈显著负相关，与中毒程度呈正相关，相关系数（rs）＞0．05，P＜0．05。结论：血清NSE可作为诊治急性有机磷中毒的参考指标。
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