Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) have been widely used in biomedical fields, including targeted drug deliv-ery, magnetic resonance imaging, separation and enrichment of cancer cells, and tumor-targeted therapy. However, MIONs are increas-ingly necessary to ensure reduced toxicity, more stable colloidal dispersion, better biocompatibility, and higher magnetic responsive-ness. Thus, apart from the continuous improvement of material synthesis, specific surface modification of MIONs is essential to choose appropriate materials. This paper reviews the available methods and materials and their function in MION surface modification as well as their applications for the separation of circulating tumor cells.%磁性氧化铁纳米粒子（magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles，MIONs）已被广泛应用于靶向药物转运、磁共振成像（MRI）、癌细胞分离和富集及肿瘤靶向治疗等生物医学领域。随着MIONs在生物医学领域应用的不断深入，对MIONs在更低的毒性、更稳定的胶体分散性、更好的生物相容性及更高的磁响应性等方面的性能也提出了更具体的要求。因此，除了材料合成本身需不断改进外，选择合适的修饰材料对MIONs进行表面改性和修饰是至关重要的。本文对MIONs表面修饰的方法和表面修饰的材料及其作用进行了综述，并着重阐述了MIONs在循环肿瘤细胞（circulating tumor cells，CTCs）分离中应用的研究进展。
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