AIM:To compare the efficacy of different techniques in the removal of calcium hydroxide〔Ca (OH)2〕in straight and curved root canals.METHODS:The straight and curved root canal models were established using extracted tooth roots.K file,ultrasonic and EndoActivator were respectively used for the removal of Ca(OH)2 (n=10).The residual Ca(OH)2 was observed by stereomicroscope,the percentage of residual Ca(OH)2 was analyzed and calculated using the photographs taken by camera attached to stereomicroscope.RESULTS:In straight root canal models,the Ca(OH)2 removal efficacy was in the following order:EndoActivator≈P5 ≈asmall K file >irrigation;while in curved root canal models,EndoActivator≈precurved P5 >P >pre-curved small K file>small K file>irriga-tion.The percentage of residual Ca(OH)2 in the curved canals was higher than that in straight canals (P<0.05 ). CONCLUSION:EndoActivaor is the most effective for Ca(OH)2 removal.But none of methods used can completely remove Ca(OH)2 in root canal.%目的：研究不同方法去除直根管和弯曲根管内氢氧化钙封药的差异。方法：建立直根管、弯曲根管的体外标准化模型，用根管锉、超声冲洗器械、EndoActivator配合注射器冲洗去除根管内氢氧化钙封药，随后打开模型，体视显微镜下拍照，软件测量，计算氢氧化钙残余量并进行统计分析。结果：不同方法去除氢氧化钙能力：直根管中K锉≈EndoActivator≈P5＞直接冲洗；弯曲根管中EndoActivator≈预弯P5＞P5＞预弯K锉＞K锉＞直接冲洗。弯曲根管与直根管之间，K锉组、P5组、EndoActivaor组之间均有显著差异（P＜0．05）。结论：3种方法均不能完全去除根管内氢氧化钙，EndoActivaor是去除根管内氢氧化钙的较好方法。
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