目的 分析超声引导下穿刺活检诊断甲状腺结节良/恶性的敏感度和特异度.方法 选取2017年1月至2017年6月本院接诊的甲状腺结节患者70例为研究对象,按照诊断时间的先后顺序将入选患者分为研究组和对照组,每组各35例.对照组患者采用触诊法进行诊断,研究组患者采用超声引导下穿刺活检进行诊断,比较两组患者的诊断结果,判断两种方法的诊断准确性.计算两种诊断方法的敏感度、特异度、误诊率及漏诊率,并比较两组患者并发症发生率.结果 研究组患者诊断敏感度为95.45%(21/22),特异度为69.23%(9/13),误诊率为30.77%(4/13),漏诊率为4.5%(1/22).对照组患者诊断敏感度为56.25%(9/16),特异度为57.89%(11/19),误诊率为42.11%(8/19),漏诊率为43.75%(7/16).研究组患者诊断敏感度和特异度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而误诊率和漏诊率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).研究组出现皮下水肿的患者例数少于对照组(P<0.05);研究组出现出血的患者例数少于对照组,但差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 超声引导下穿刺活检诊断甲状腺结节的敏感度和特异度均较高,但出血仍无法避免.%Objective To analyze the ultrasound-guided biopsy for benign and malignant thyroid nodules: sensitivity, specificity. Method From January 2017 to June 2017, 70 patients with thyroid nodules admissions in our hospital were selected as the study objects, they were divided into study group (35 cases) and control group (35 cases) respectively by time of diagnosis. Control group patients were diagnosed by palpation biopsy, study group patients were guided by ultrasound guided puncture biopsy, the results and diagnostic accuracy of the two groups were compared. Result The sensitivity of study group was 95.45% (21/22), the specificity was 69.23% (9/13), the diagnostic errors rate was 30.77% (4/13), the missed diagnosis rate was 4.5% (1/22). The sensitivity of control group was 56.25% (9/16), the specificity was 57.89% (11/19), the diagnostic errors rate was 42.11% (8/19), the missed diagnosis rate was 43.75% (7/16). The sensitivity and specificity of study group were higher than those of control group, but the diagnostic errors rate and missed diagnosis rate were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). The number of patients with subcutaneous edema in study group was less than that in control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in bleeding between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided biopsy has higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of thyroid nodule, but bleeding can't be avoided.
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