目的 了解以社区为中心的健康教育和健康促进活动开展以来北京市农村居民健康教育需求的变化情况,为今后开展农村健康教育提供理论支持.方法 利用2007年和2010年北京市农村居民健康需求调查的资料,进行健康知识认知、获取及希望获取健康知识途径的比较研究,应用U检验进行统计分析.结果 2010年各项慢性病危险因素及传染病预防措施的认知情况较2007年均有所提高；高血压、糖尿病、流感和肠道传染病的相关知识中,正确认知率提高最显著的分别是食盐摄入过多、缺乏体育运动、接种流感疫苗和消灭蚊蝇蟑螂,率差分别为18.5％、20.5％、10.5％和5.5％；与2007年相比,2010年农村居民通过健康大课堂、医生咨询和宣传栏(画)途径获取健康知识的人数增加,率差分别为33.5％、15.2％和5.1％；希望通过健康大课堂和医生咨询途径获取健康知识的人数也有所增加,率差分别为25.6％和11.1％.结论 2010年北京市农村居民健康知识认知情况好于2007年,健康教育工作初见成效.政府及相关部门应继续加强对农村居民健康知识的普及,完善健康大课堂及医生咨询等活动形式和内容,以满足农民的健康知识需求.%Objective To identify the comparison of health education demand and health behaviors among Beijing rural citizens before and after community-oriented systematic health education and health promotion, and provide theoretical support for rural health education. Methods Using the data of health education demand investigation to compare health knowledge awareness, ways for health information in 2007 and 2010. A large sample U test was used for statistical analysis. Results Compared to 2007, the proportion of subjects who answered both the risk factors of hypertension and diabetes correctly and the prevention measures of common infectious diseases correctly were increased in 2010. For awareness on risk factors or precautions of hypertension, diabetes, influenza and infectious diseases, the highest rate difference of awareness were on consuming too much salt, lacking physical exercise, getting influenza vaccine, and exterminating mosquitoes and files, with 18. 5% , 20. 5% , 10.5% and 5. 5% , respectively. The number of people who acquired health information from health lectures, doctor consulting and posters raised with the rate difference 33. 5% , 15. 2% and 5. 1% , respectively, while more people hoped to get health information from health lectures and doctor consulting with the rate difference 25. 6% and 11. 1% , respectively. Conclusion The health awareness among Beijing rural citizens in 2010 were better than that in 2007. The health education activities were effectively. The level of health knowledge of rural citizens needs to be improved further, and health lectures and doctor consulting should be increased in order to match the rural citizens' needs.
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