Objective:To describe the current situation of IHR ( 2005 ) public health emergency core capacity at the provincial, city, district or county level for health departments in China, discover gaps in the implementation of IHR(2005) public health emergency core capacity, and thereby provide reference for the construction of IHR(2005) public health emergency core capacity. Methods: A survey was conducted from 211 questionnaires of IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity, which included 7 provinces, 64 cities, and 140 counties ( districts) in the health departments. Results:The indicator of IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity is suitable for the conditions in China;there is a lack of institution building in China concerning IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity;there is a decreasing trend at the provincial, city and county ( district) level. Conclusion:Recommen-dations were proposed to strengthen China’s institution building of IHR (2005) public health emergency core capaci-ty, focus on strengthening construction of county (district) level IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity, strengthen the weak links of the IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity index, strengthen China’s appli-cability research concerning IHR (2005) public health emergency core capacity.%目的：：描述2012年中国部分地区《国际卫生条例(2005)》( International Health Regulations, IHR)(以下简称IHR)公共卫生应急核心能力建设现状,并分析其存在问题,从而提出相应的建议,为中国卫生部门IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力建设提供参考。方法：采用分层抽样方法,选取中国7省、64地级市及140县(市、区),分析省、市、县(市、区)级卫生部门IHR (2005)公共卫生应急核心能力要求的监测、应对、风险沟通、准备、实验室能力、感染控制以及物资和经费支持能力建设情况。结果：IHR (2005)公共卫生应急核心能力指标在中国具有一定的适用性；IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力缺乏制度建设；省、市、县(市、区)三个层级在公共卫生应急核心能力方面呈逐级递减趋势。结论：加强IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力的制度建设；重点支持县(市、区)级IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力建设；加强IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力指标中薄弱环节的建设；加强IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力对中国适用性的研究。
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