哮喘是一种复杂的由自身免疫异常引起的气道疾病，表现为严重的气道炎症和气道高反应性，影响患者生活质量，甚至危及患者生命。研究表明哮喘发病的深层原因是机体对变应原的“免疫耐受”异常和（或）缺陷，调节性T淋巴细胞（ regulatory T cell，Treg）及Th17细胞均参与到哮喘的发病机制中，且Treg／Th17之间的平衡可能在哮喘气道炎症中起到至关重要的作用。该文就Treg及Th17细胞在哮喘气道炎症中的作用作一综述。%Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness and chronic airway mucosal in-flammation which arises as a consequence of a defect in immune regulation.Pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of airway inflammation are very complex and not yet entirely clarified.Regulatory T(Treg) cells play a key role in the maintenance and tolerance of immune regulation.T helper 17(Th17) cells typically promote neutro-philic inflammation, and also play important roles in airway hyperresponsiveness.Recently, research on mechanism of asthma has focused on the imbalance between Treg and Th17 cell phenotype.The purpose of this review is to dis-cuss recent findings of the role of these novel populations in allergic asthma and to highlight the pleiotropic effects of these subsets on the development and regulation of airway inflammation.
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