目的 了解急诊留观患者的疾病谱和时间分布规律,提高急诊留观护理管理质量.方法 对2010年9361例急诊留观患者资料进行回顾性调查,分析患者的一般资料、留观月份和各时间段内留观人数分布、疾病种类分布,并进行统计分析.结果 急诊留观患者以上呼吸道感染、头晕、腹痛查因的人数最多,位居前3位,女性多于男性,平均留观时间中位数为3.0h,3、8月留观人数最多,患者留观时间集中于8:00～22:00,8:00～12:00为全天高峰.结论 应根据患者留观的疾病谱和时间规律,科学合理地分配护理人力资源和加强业务培训,以提高急诊留观室的护理质量.%Objective To investigate the disease classification and time distribution of observing patients in the emergency department, and to provide reference for emergency quality management. Methods The data of 9361 cases in emergency department in 2010 were retrospectively analyzed, such as patients' demographic data, time distribution and disease classification. Results The upper respiratory tract infection, dizziness and abdominal pain were ranked as the first three diseases or symptoms in the observing patients in the emergency department. The female patients were more than male patients. The median observing time was three hours. The number of observing patients was more in March and August. The patient visiting time was mainly in the phase from 8am to 10pm and the peak time was from 8am to 12am. Conclusions In order to improve the nursing quality in the emergency observation room, it is suggested to distribute nursing human resource scientifically and reasonably and enhance professional training according to the disease spectrum and time distribution of emergency observing patients.
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