[ ABSTRACT] Rebound depolarization is a special phenomenon of the neurons which generates action potential fol-lowed by a hyperpolarization stimulation.It can be recorded in many kinds of neurons and is the intrinsic membrane charac-teristic of them.Rebound depolarization plays an important role in regulating the firing pattern, rhythmic activity and sy-naptic plasticity of neurons.This review focuses on the basic characteristics, the function and mechanism of the rebound depolarization in physiological and pathological conditions, which provides reference for the clinical treatment of rebound depolarization-related diseases.
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