Objective To detect the levels of peripheral plasma CD 19 +CD23 +and complement activation product C 5a in cases with Kawasaki disease and analyze their relationship with the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease , so as to provide some guidance for therapy . Methods From May 2010 to May 2013,30 children with Kawasaki disease diagnosed in the department of cardiology in Xi ’an Children’s Hospital were selected in experimental group , and they were further divided into coronary dilatation group and no coronary dilatation group according to B-ultrasonic examinations .Control group included 30 children without immune system disorders or vascular inflammatory disease at the same period.The levels of B lymphocytes CD19 +CD23 +, complement activation product C5a and peripheral blood antibody IgG, IgA, IgM were detected before and after using gammaglobulin .Results The levels of CD19 +CD23 +and complement activation product C5a before and after using gammaglobulin were higher in the experimental group , and the differences were statistically significant (before using gammaglobulin:t value was 12.40 and 14.10, respectively, both P<0.05;after using gammaglobulin:t value was 10.90 and 11.60, respectively, both P<0.05).There were statistical differences in the levels of CD 19 +CD23 +and complement activation product C5a between coronary dilatation group and no coronary dilatation group before using gammaglobulin ( t value was 18.78 and 12.80, respectively, both P<0.05), and the differences were still significant between two groups after using gammaglobulin (t value was 18.11 and 10.50, respectively, both P<0.05).Conclusion B lymphocyte activation and the increasing of complement activation product C 5a participate the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease , and C5a can be considered as the evidence of predicting coronary injury .%目的：通过检测川崎病外周血CD19＋CD23＋、补体活化物C5a的水平，分析其与川崎病发病的关系，为川崎病的治疗提供一定的指导。方法实验组选取2010年5月至2013年5月在西安市儿童医院心血管内科确诊的川崎病患儿30名，根据B超检查进一步分为冠脉扩张组与无冠脉扩张组。对照组选取同一时期无免疫系统疾病及血管炎性疾病患儿30名。在丙种球蛋白使用前后，检测活化的B淋巴细胞CD19＋CD23＋、补体活化产物C5a及外周血抗体IgG、IgA、IgM的水平。结果丙球使用前后，实验组CD19＋CD23＋、C5a含量均高于对照组，存在统计学差异（丙球使用前：t值分别为12．40和14．10，均P＜0．05；丙球使用后：t值分别为10．90和11．60，均P＜0．05）。丙球使用前，CD19＋CD23＋，C5a在冠脉扩张组与无冠脉扩张组之间存在统计学差异（t值分别为18．78和12．80，均P＜0．05）；丙球使用后，CD19＋CD23＋、C5a在冠脉扩张组与无冠脉扩张组之间相比也存在统计学差异（ t值分别为18．11和10．50，均P＜0．05）。结论 B淋巴细胞活化，补体C5a水平增高参与了川崎病的发生，C5a可以作为预测川崎病冠脉损伤的依据。
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