The dynamic simulation of petroleum distillation column was studied. It is difficult for traditional pseudo — components methods to realize dynamic simulation of feed switching, resulting in model output oscillation even failing in running. In this paper, an efficient petroleum characterization method was proposed based on standard pseudo - components. The method uses light oil and heavy oil as two groups of standard pseudo - components whose mass fractions are calculated with True Boiling Point (TBP) curve and density of crude oil. The simulation results based on the actual production data have proven that this method is effective to characterize different kinds of petroleum fractions, improves the adaptability of distillation column model to crude species and compositions change, and provides a basis for improving model dynamic performances.%研究石油分馏塔动态性能优化问题,传统假组分方法在进料油切换操作的动态仿真中,造成模型输出振荡甚至无法运行,从而影响系统的稳定性.针对进料油切换操作问题,提出了一种基准假组分的原油特征化方法,采用轻质油品和重质油品作为两组基准假组分,各个假组分的质量分数根据原油的实沸点数据和密度计算得到.以工业生产数据为基础,经过对建立的分馏塔动态机理模型的仿真验证与分析,结果证明将基准假组分方法用于原油特征化表征方面是行之有效的,并且提高了分馏塔模型对原油品种和组成变化的适应能力,为模型动态性能的提高提供了依据.
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