In order to find a set of SSR core primers with distinct polymorphic bands, good repeatability and high resolution for i-dentification of genuineness and purity of hybrid cotton varieties,we screened 2300 SSR primers from the Cotton Microsatellite Database (http://www.cottonssr.org) used on 79 cotton hybrid varieties. After two rounds of selection, 56 SSR primers were obtained, which generated 95 polymorphic loci with 1-3 loci per primer in 37 conventional hybrids; and a total of 161 genotypes were detected with 2-3 alleles per locus. Ten core SSR primers were randomly picked out, and they could clearly separated the 37 conventional hybrids by combinations. Further, 37 conventional hybrids were clustered based on UPGMA, when taking the similarity coefficient as 0.54, 20 conventional hybrids from the Yangtze River were divided into one subgroup and the other 17 ones from the Yellow River Valley into another. The results reflected the difference among different ecological regions due to the different breeding goals. The results showed this set of core primers is typical, practical, effective well to distinguish cotton hybrids.%为筛选到一套针对棉花杂交种真实性和纯度进行鉴定的核心引物,本实验以79个棉花杂交种为材料,采用分子标记技术,对已公布的2300对SSR引物通过PCR扩增,经初筛和复选,最终获得扩增条带清晰、重复性好且分辨能力强的56对核心引物.利用这56对SSR引物对生产上推广的37个棉花杂交种进行多态性验证,共检测到95个多态性位点,变幅为1～3个；161个基因型,变幅为2～3个.随机抽出10对引物,通过组合方式可以将37个品种完全区分开.对37个品种的SSR分子标记结果进行UPGMA聚类,在相似系数为0.54时,20个长江流域杂交种中有19个被划分到第一类,17个黄河流域品种中有11个被划分到第二类,较好地反映出不同棉区因育种目标的不同所产生的差异.表明该套引物有很好的代表性、实用性和有效性.
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