The electrochemical behavior of white copper–tin electrodeposition on copper electrode from aqueous pyrophosphate bath was studied by cathodic polarization curve measurement and cyclic voltammetry. The effects of different additives on white copper–tin electrodeposition and crystal structure of the deposit were analyzed. The results showed that the electrodeposition of white copper–tin is an irreversible electrode process. Cu2+and Sn2+ in the solution promotes the electrodeposition of each other. All of the additive IEP, DPTHE and JZ-1 affect the cathodic polarization of Cu2+and Sn2+reduction and the crystal structure of white copper–tin alloy deposit. Both IEP and JZ-1 have a dual function of strengthening the cathodic polarization of Sn2+ reduction and weakening the cathodic polarization of Cu2+reduction. The crystal structure of white copper–tin alloy is Cu6Sn5 by electrodeposition from the baths without additive and with IEP or DPTHE, but is Cu41Sn11 from the bath with JZ-1.%通过测定阴极极化曲线和循环伏安曲线，研究了焦磷酸盐溶液体系在铜电极上电沉积白铜锡的电化学行为，并分析了不同添加剂对电沉积白铜锡阴极过程和电沉积层晶相结构的影响。结果表明，焦磷酸盐溶液体系电沉积白铜锡为不可逆电极过程，溶液中Cu2+与Sn2+也有互相促进电沉积的作用。添加剂IEP、DPTHE和JZ-1都会影响溶液中Cu2+和Sn2+离子还原的阴极极化和电沉积白铜锡的晶相结构。IEP和JZ-1都具有增强Sn2+还原的阴极极化和降低 Cu2+还原的阴极极化的双重作用。无添加剂和添加IEP或DPTHE的镀液中电沉积所得白铜锡的晶相结构都为Cu6Sn5，添加JZ-1的镀液中电沉积所得白铜锡的主要晶相结构则为Cu41Sn11。
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机译：（54）标题：具有硅酸盐涂层的固体颗粒（54）：FESTKoRPERPARTKEL MIT SILKATBESCHICHTUNG（57）摘要：本发明涉及一种具有二氧化硅涂层的固体颗粒的生产方法，其包括以下步骤：将固体颗粒分散为将其涂覆在水性介质中以产生固体颗粒分散体，通过缓冲系统调节固体颗粒分散体的pH以产生缓冲的固体颗粒分散体，并向缓冲的固体颗粒分散体中添加碱性硅酸盐溶液以形成二氧化硅在涂覆期间将其涂覆在固体颗粒上，其中选择缓冲体系和碱性硅酸盐溶液的量，使得在添加碱性硅酸盐溶液之前和在添加完成之后，缓冲的固体颗粒分散体的pH至少为7.0。碱性硅酸盐溶液的最大含量为11.0。固体颗粒优选是无机固体，特别是
