Objective The present research aimed to explore the mechanism of PFA on the protection of craniocerebral injury.Method SD rats were divided into 3 groups: sham group, craniocerebral injury group and ω-3 group.The craniocerebral injury rats were duplicated by Feeney method and the water content in brain tissue and neurologic deficit score were detected.The expression of IL2/IL6/10 mRNA and protein was detected by Real-time PCR and Western Blotting.The expression of TNFαwas also be assayed.Findings The water content and neurologic deficit score were higher in the model group than those in the sham group (P<0.01).The expression of IL2/IL6/10 and TNFαwere also increased in the model group as compared with that of the sham group (P<0.01).These abnormalities were greatly normalized inω3 group rats with a statistical difference (P<0.01).Conclusion Craniocerebral injury protection byω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was achieved mainly through regulation of the abnormal content of cytokines and TNFα.%目的：研究ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对大鼠外伤性颅脑损伤脑组织神经保护作用的细胞因子网络调节机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为3组：假手术组、模型组、ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸组（ω3组）各9只。 Feeney自由落体法制作外伤性颅脑损伤模型，分析各组大鼠脑组织含水量及神经功能缺陷评分，Western Blotting法和Real-time PCR法检测各组大鼠伤灶处大脑组织中细胞因子、肿瘤坏死因子基因及蛋白的表达水平。结果模型组大鼠脑组织含水量和神经功能缺陷评分高于对照组，IL2／6／10 mRNA及IL2／IL6／10和TNFα蛋白表达水平高于对照组，且随着颅脑损伤时间的增长而增强，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；ω3组大鼠的上述指标较模型组有显著的恢复作用（P＜0．05）。结论ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸主要通过调节异常的细胞因子网络及TNF-α，对外伤性颅脑损伤大鼠的脑组织神经发挥保护作用。
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