固体酸催化剂可成为制备紫罗兰酮的环境友好型催化剂，综述金属盐、阳离子交换树脂、固体超强酸、分子筛和杂多酸等固体酸在催化假紫罗兰酮环化反应中的应用，固体超强酸是目前的研究热点，存在易失活、不易保存和稳定性不足等问题。通过对催化剂载体改性、加入其他金属或氧化物形成多组元固体超强酸、引入稀土元素或特定的分子筛改性制备固体超强酸以及引入纳米级金属氧化物制备出纳米型固体超强酸等，这些均可为催化剂提供合适的比表面积、增加酸中心密度、增加酸种类型、增加稳定性和提高机械强度。%The solid acid catalysts can be an environmental friendly catalysts for the synthesis of ionone. The application of solid acid catalysts such as metal salts,cation exchange resin,solid super acids,molecu-lar sieves and heteropoly acids for cyclization of pseudoionone was reviewed. The solid super acids became the research hotspots. There existed the defects of easy deactivation,difficult preservation and insufficient stability. The multi-component solid super acids were prepared by modifying the catalyst supports and adding metals or metal oxides. The solid super acids were attained by introduction of rare earth elements or modification of specific molecular sieves. The nano-solid super acids were obtained by introducing nano-metal oxides. These measures could provide appropriate specific surface area for the catalysts, enhance acid centre density,acid types,stability and mechanic strength.
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