目的:探讨化学伤的致伤物质种类、最容易发生化学伤的职业,眼部化学伤的严重性和伤后的并发症和视力预后.方法:通过病例回顾性研究,包括伤者的性别、年龄、种族、职业,探讨化学伤的致伤物质种类,就诊时视力,眼部化学伤的严重性和伤后的并发症和视力预后.结果:在75例患者中,90.3%为男性,84% 在工作年龄范围(21-50岁);29.3% 是工厂工人;52% 碱烧伤:65.4% 为制造厂和建筑工人;57.3% 双眼受累;9.3% 就诊时受伤眼视力＜6/60;72% 为I级;19.5% 患者并发干眼症,角膜血管翳,角膜混浊,并发性白内障,继发性青光眼等;92%的伤眼最后视力是6/18或以上;6.2%伤眼失明.结论:虽然化学伤常常累及双眼,但多数患者伤情不严重,且视力预后较好.及时充分的冲洗可以缓解眼化学伤.适当的紧急处理可以减少长期的并发症和视力损害,但一些严重的化学伤可致盲.%AIM:To determlne the nature of chemicals involved,type of occupation most at risk,severity of ocular injury,complications and visual outcome in patients with chemical injuries of eye.METHODS:In a retrospective study gender,age,race,occupation of patients,nature of chemical,eye involved,vision at admission,severity of ocular injury,complications and visual outcome were noted from the case records.RESULTs:Among 75 patients reviewed 90.3% of patients were males;84% were in the working age group (21-50 years);29.3% were factory workers;52% Sufiered from alkali injuries;65.4% were factory/construction workers;57.3% had both eyes involvement;9.3% of the affected eyes had vision＜6/60 at admission;72% of injuries were of grade I nature;19.5% of the affected eyes developed complications such as dry eye,vascularization of cornea,corneal opacity,complicated cataract,secondary glaucoma etc.; final outcome of vision 6/18 or better was achieved in 92% of eyes;blindness was noted in 6.2% of the affected eyes.CONCLUSION:Even though chemical injuries commonly involve both eyes,in majority of them they are mild in nature with good visual outcome.I mmediate copious irrigation of the eye will help in reducing the severity of chemical injury.Appropriate emergency treatment will reduce the long term complications and visual impairment.However,severe chemical burns of the eye can result in blindness in some cases.
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