目的：探讨儿童声嘶的病因及临床特点。方法回顾性分析4668例以声嘶为主诉儿童的电子鼻咽喉镜检查结果，分析导致本组儿童声嘶的主要病因及不同年龄段患儿声嘶病因的分布。结果4668例声嘶儿童发病年龄以2～10岁为主，占65．81％（3072/4668），男性多见，男：女为2．48：1；其中，慢性单纯性喉炎1817例（38．92％），声带小结1494例（32．01％），慢性肥厚性喉炎560例（12．0％），声带麻痹373例（8．0％），先天性声带沟149例（3．19％），喉乳头状瘤140例（3．0％），这6种疾病占总人数的97．1％（4533/4668）；声带麻痹在＜0．5岁组中所占比例最高（97．0％，289/298），喉乳头状瘤在0．5～2岁组中比例最高（33．9％，134/395），慢性单纯性喉炎在4～6岁组中比例最高（81．0％，611/754），声带小结在8～10岁组中比例最高（51．4％，374/727）。结论本组儿童声嘶的发病年龄以学龄前期及学龄期为主，男性明显高于女性；慢性单纯性喉炎发病比例最高，声带麻痹和喉乳头状瘤分别在婴儿组和幼儿组多见，声带小结在学龄儿童组中比例最高。%Objective To study the causes and clinical features associated with hoarseness in children.Meth-ods The data of 4 668 children suffering from hoarseness were analyzed with electronic-nasopharyngolaryngosco-py retrospectively.ResuIts The top 6 common causes of hoarseness were chronic laryngitis (1 817 cases,38.9%), vocal cord nodules (1 494 cases,32.0%),vocal hypertrophy (560 cases,12.0%),the paralysis of vocal cord (373 cases,8.0%),congenital sulcus vocalis (149 cases,3.2%)and recurrent respiratory papilloma disease (140 cases,3. 0%).These six diseases were common in children with hoarseness with 4 533 out of 4668 (97.1%);of the chil-dren were 2 to 10 years old as the largest age group (65.8%,3 072/4 668)and the ratio of male and female was 2. 48:1.The top six diseases were statistically distributed in different age groups (P<0.01).ConcIusion The main causes of hoarseness were different in different age groups.The children aged 2 to 10 years old made up the largest group (3 072/4 668),showing the greatest incidence of hoarseness in children .The incidence for male patients was higher than female and the chronic laryngitis was the top disease.Hoarseness in children was different from that of adults so that to understand the characteristics of this disorder in children will be beneficial to the proper diagnosis and effective treatment.
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