风险允许标准，亦可称为风险可接受标准或风险评价标准，是指对一个具体风险的可容许程度进行分级评价的依据或准则。该文旨在简述风险允许标准的发展与定义，总结国内外地质灾害风险允许标准与原则。通过对2005－2014年我国因地质灾害而死亡的人数数据进行分析，结合当前风险允许标准的研究现状，提出我国风险允许标准应采用 FN 曲线与 ALARP 原则相结合的方法确定，得到我国地质灾害风险允许标准可接受风险的平均值为1.93×10－5／年，并以此确定我国地质灾害可接受风险水平 FN 曲线的上下限分别为1.0×10－4／年和1.0×10－5／年，为我国地质灾害风险评估提供依据。%Risk criteria,also known as risk acceptance criteria or risk evaluation criterion,refers to a specific risk grading evaluation basis or permissible level of criteria.We describe the development and definition of risk cri-teria,reviewed and summarized risk criteria of geohazards at home and abroad.Considering the current research status of allowing risk criteria,the risk criteria in China was determined by FN curve and ALARP principle through analysis of the relation between the data of deaths caused by geohazard each year from 2005 to 2014.The results show the average standard of acceptable risk is 1.93 ×10 -5 /a,the upper limit of acceptable risk level is 10 -4 /a ( tolerable risk line)and the lower limit is 10 -5 /a,which providing a basis for risk assessment.
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